單級全橋式高功因鋰電池充電器設計

Design of a Lithium Battery Charger with High Power Factor based on Single-Stage Full-Bridge Converter

楊裕生(Yu-Sheng Yang)

指導教授 ： 張永農

國立虎尾科技大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程系碩士班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本文完成一單級全橋式高功因鋰電池充電器，其充電器以全橋式轉換器為主要架構，並結合雙功因修正電感元件與交錯式技術，使充電器具有優異的功率因數修正能力，且功率開關具有軟切換特性，降低切換損失。為了避免單級式功因修正器於調載時儲能電容電壓上升之問題，本文採用調整功率開關之責任週期的方式，進行充電器功率調節。本文所製作之單級全橋式高功因鋰電池充電器可分為非隔離型與隔離型兩類，非隔離型充電器架構可在不需額外加入控制電路之情形下，便具有正負脈衝(ReflexTM)充電方式，而隔離型充電器可符合需隔離充電器的安規。
本文以磷酸鋰鐵電池組作為負載，完成非隔離型與隔離型1kW單級全橋式高功因鋰電池充電器。經過實驗後得出充電器特性，非隔離型充電器效率最高可達94.33%，隔離型充電器效率最高可達92.03%，且兩者皆具有功因0.99以上之特性。並經實驗證實非隔離型充電器使用ReflexTM充電法對磷酸鋰鐵電池進行0.5C充電，可提高0.73%的蓄電效率；使用0.25C進行充電，可提升約0.21%的蓄電效率。

關鍵字

鋰電池 ； 充電器 ； 單級轉換器 ； 功率因數修正 ； 全橋式轉換器

並列摘要

This thesis has accomplished a lithium battery charger with high power factor based on a single-stage full-bridge converter. The developed charger comprises a full-bridge converter along with two power factor inductors operating in interleaved way, thus having outstanding power-factor correction capability. Meanwhile, the power switches of the charger are featured with soft switching operation to reduce the switching loss. Further, for preventing the energy storage capacitor from experiencing excessive voltage stress during power regulation, the duty-cycle control of the power switches is employed to regulate the output power. The developed single-stage full-bridge high power-factor, lithium battery charger is carried out in two directions, one is the non-isolated type and another one is the isolated type. The non-isolated type charger possesses the advantage of positive/negative pulse charging (ReflexTM) profile without needing additional control circuit. On the other hand, the isolated type charger can definitely meet the safety standard for the isolation requirement of electricity charger.
In this thesis, one non-isolated type and one isolated type of 1kW single-stage full-bridge high power factor, lithium battery chargers are fulfilled by using the lithium iron phosphate battery pack as load. According to the experiments, the charging efficiency of the non-isolated type charger can approach 94.33% and the isolated type one can reach 92.03%, while both possessing power-factor higher than 0.99. In the meantime, the measurements indicate that the power storage of the lithium iron phosphate battery can be enhanced by using ReflexTM charging technique. The test results real that the power storage efficiency of 0.5C battery can be raised by 0.73% while 0.25C battery can be increased by 0.21%.

並列關鍵字

lithium battery ； charger ； single-stage converter ； power-factor correction ； full-bridge converter

參考文獻

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