無人飛機酬載發展應用於大氣與溫室氣體之量測

近年來隨著科技的發展，電子儀器迷你化趨勢與通訊科技的進步，使得輕巧及高機動性的無人飛行載具的應用層面越來越廣泛例如:日、夜間偵蒐、戰場監控、目標搜尋及定位等的軍事用途；農、漁、牧觀測及資源研究，地形、地貌偵照及監控、交通監視與管控、氣象觀測集資料收集的民生用途。本研究針對大氣氣象、溫室氣體的問題，利用無人飛機搭載大氣感測器以及空污感測器，以定點盤旋方式觀測各種高度的氣象條件(溫度、濕度)、溫室氣體等資料，再將氣象條件、溫室氣體加以分析，期望能夠達到空氣品質監測與氣象溫濕度研究的任務。本研究所使用的無人飛行載具分別採用定翼型與多旋翼型的UAV。其中 1.固定翼型的UAV，為經緯公司自主開發設計的『天箭級』Sky Arrow 55中航程後推式固定翼型UAV載具，並搭載本實驗室所設計的飛控電腦、GPS定位系統、AHRS以及大氣感測器，結合地面站設定飛行高度、飛行路徑和航點等，在特定的高度以及範圍，依航路點巡邏達到環境監測的需求。 2. X600多旋翼型的UAV，搭載Android核心主系統與Microchip-PIC24副系統的飛行、導航和酬載處理電腦。

關鍵字

無人載具；大氣量測

並列摘要

In recent years, both of mini-trend of the electronic equipment and the progress in communications technology, such that the application of UAV is wide. For example, day and night reconnaissance, battlefield surveillance, target search and positioning for military use. On the other hand, agriculture, fisheries, animal husbandry observation, geomorphologic photography and monitoring, traffic surveillance and control, the data collection of meteorological observation for people's livelihood purposes etc. This research will improve the built autonomous flight system of UAV and then apply to atmospheric research, monitor of the air quality and the research of climate change. While UAV carries atmospheric sensors and air quality sensors, then it flies on the planed routes to collect temperature, humidity, Green House gases of air quality. These sensors datum will be provided for atmosphere and climate change research. This study adopts two UASs (unmanned aerial systems). (1)Sky Arrow 55 fixed-wing aerial vehicle is produced by GEOSAT, it was integrated into NFU Autopilot, AHRS and navigation ground station for an UAS. While Sky Arrow can pick up the atmosphere sensors and air quality sensors to achieve environmental monitoring. (2) X600 rotor type UAV, equipped with the Android master embedded systems and Microchip-PIC24 slave system for flight, navigation and payload processing computer.