五軸工具磨床幾何誤差量測系統

Measurement System of Geometric Error for Five-axis Tool Grinders.

梁哲維(Jhe-Wei Liang)

指導教授 ： 李炳寅

共同指導教授 ： 陳進益(Jenn-Yih Chen)

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與電腦輔助工程系碩士班/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2015.00122

摘要

刀具研磨的尺寸精度直接影響到切削性能、加工的外型以及刀具壽命，所以針對五軸工具磨床各軸做幾何誤差的量測與定位誤差的補償相當重要，但由於市售專用的檢測設備過於昂貴，因此本研究將針對五軸工具磨床開發一套低成本且易架設的檢測設備，達到提升刀具研磨精度與品質，進而提升工具磨床製造商的竸爭力。五軸刀具磨床幾何誤差檢測系統的功能為五軸定位精度量測、直線度量測及旋轉軸傾斜誤差量測三大部分，透過自行設計之檢測機構以及量測資料的擷取與分析，可提供各軸向定位精度補償的依據，線性軸可量測X、Y、Z軸，旋轉軸可量測A、C軸。
經分析結果顯示，五軸定位精度量測系統與Renishaw系統互相比較，線性軸及旋轉軸重複精度分別相差0.89μm和0.612角秒。直線度量測與Renishaw系統互相比較，水平與垂直直線度分別相差0.32μm和0.5μm。旋轉軸偏擺與Pinpoint系統比較，yaw和pitch角度誤差分別相差4.39角秒和0.6角秒，標準差在5%以下。故量測系統的準確度是可信的，並且將線性軸定位精度補償在±2μm內，旋轉軸定位精度補償在±0.006度內，此外，本系統可進一步用於量測工具機床台的直線度與旋轉軸偏擺。

關鍵字

工具磨床 ； 線性誤差 ； 旋轉軸 ； 誤差補償 ； 雙讀頭 ； 幾何誤差 ； 直線度

並列摘要

The accuracy of cutting tools is a critical issue for determining the geometrical profiles, cutting performance, and tool life. The geometric error measurement and positioning error compensation of each axis are very important to five-axis tool grinders. However, commercial inspection and measurement machines are generally too expensive. Therefore, this thesis is to develop a low cost and easy for users to set the measurement system for the tool grinder to improve the grinding accuracy and quality of cutting tools and increase the competitiveness of manufacturers. The developed measurement system can be utilized for measuring the positioning accuracy and straightness of linear axes, and positioning accuracy and tilt error of rotary axes. The major components include the self-developed mechanical fixtures, data acquisition system, and human machine interface to provide the compensation for positioning accuracy of each axis. The measurement system can measure the linear X, Y, and Z axes, and A, C of rotary axes.
The measurement results make a comparison between the proposed system and Renishaw system. The repeatability of linear axes and rotary axes are difference 0.89 μm and 0.612 arc seconds, respectively. The straightness of horizontal and vertical are difference 0.32 μm and 0.5 μm, respectively. The tilt errors of yaw and pitch for rotary axes are difference 4.39 arc seconds and 0.6 arc seconds, respectively. The standard deviation is less than 5%. Therefore, accuracy is believed of the measurement system, the positioning accuracy is compensated within ±2 μm and ±0.006 degrees of linear axes and rotary axes, respectively. In addition, the measurement system can be applied to measure the straightness and tilt error of machine tools.

並列關鍵字

Tool grinder ； Linear position error ； Rotary axes ； Error compensation ； Double Read head ； Geometric error ； Straightness.

參考文獻

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