本文利用70個國家與2001年至2006年之追蹤資料進行迴歸分析與針對貪腐內生性與否的問題,分別探討貪腐在已開發國家與開發中國家對外人直接投資間的影響以及比較兩者估計結果的差異。其次,分別探討已開發國家與開發中國家外人直接投資對貪腐的影響,並且比較考量與未考量外人直接投資內生性問題的估計結果。最後,探討貪腐與外人直接投資之間的因果關係。實證結果發現,在考量貪腐內生性下,貪腐程度在已開發國家與開發中國家對於外人直接投資皆有顯著負面影響。其中,開發中國家外人直接投資明顯高於已開發國家;雖在已開發國家中提升實質每人GDP、教育程度與國家人口數有明顯增加外人直接投資的流入。然而在開發中國家部分,增加教育程度與國家人口數以及提升資訊普及度也皆能增高外人直接投資的流入。 其次,當已開發國家與開發中國家考量外人直接投資內生性時,外人直接投資流入在已開發國家與開發中國家中,其對於貪腐均有顯著負面影響。其中,開發中國家的清廉度高於已開發國家,顯示在面對相同的外資流入時,開發中國家控制貪腐的成效將優於已開發國家。然而,若已開發國家,提升法治程度以及發言權自由度與政府效率的提高時,亦可抑制貪腐行為的產生。再者,在開發中國家中,法治程度的提升、通貨膨脹的降低以及政府效率與出口貿易依存度的提高也有抑制貪腐行為的產生。 最後,在貪腐與外人直接投資間的因果關係部分,由於在已開發國家與開發中國家中,貪腐對外人直接投資有顯著影響,而且外人直接投資對貪腐亦有顯著影響,故貪腐與外人直接投資間存在著加乘效果。
This study is using panel data of 70 countries over the period from 2001 to 2006 to investigate relationship between corruption and foreign direct investment(FDI) based on the developed countries and the developing countries. In addition, our goal in this study wants to compare these effects at with and without endogenous variables. Our goal also wants to determine whether the feedback effect between FDI and corruption exist. There are three findings in the study. First, when this study considers exdogeneity of corruption, the impact of corruption on FDI in the developed and the developing countries. In addition, this effect in the developing countries is more than the developed countries. However, regarding the developed countries, an increase in real per capita GDP, the level of education and quantity of population will increase FDI inflows. On the other hand, an increase in the level of education as well as quantity of population and internet users will rise FDI inflows. Second, the considering exdogeneity of FDI is found that FDI inflows have significant and negative impact on corruption in the developed countries and the developing countries. Moreover, the increase in rule of low, voice and accountability, and government effectiveness will deter the level of corruption in the developed countries. The result also shows that an increase in role of law, export dependency and government effectiveness also deters the level of corruption in the developing countries. Final, the relationship between corruption and FDI has multiple effects since the impact of FDI on corruption has negative and as well as vice versa.