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  • 學位論文

使用MIMO無線光傳輸技術於正交分頻多工/光分碼多工複合系統探討對數常態分佈通道下之性能

Performance Analysis of Log-Normal Channels FSO MIMO Links of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing/Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access System

指導教授 : 顏志達
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摘要


本論文藉由極化多工系統技術整合光分碼多重擷取系統並且在自由空間光通道加入多輸出入多輸出架構,來提升傳輸訊號的準確性。此系統具備穩定傳輸速率、資料安全性以及低傳輸成本的好處。在此系統中使用我們使用Walsh Hadamard codes(WHC)編碼技術做為使用者的字碼(Codeword),利用每組WHC之間擁有固定互相關性質的特性,在接收端利用平衡檢測的方式來有效消除基地站之間的干擾,最後在自由光通中加入空時編碼技術(STBC),使得在不同環境下訊號能夠抵抗衰減。 模擬軟體操作方面,本論文主要採用商業光通訊軟體Opitsysytem 14.0證實架構可行性,並且透過內建的Matlab連結原件採集數據及模擬。我們利用極化技術透過分光棱鏡將光源分為垂直光與水平光,再運用馬赫曾德爾調變器(Mach-Zehnder Modulator, MZM)把OFDM調變之I、Q通道訊號分別調變在垂直光與水平光上,極化合成之後把光傳送至編碼器進行編碼,最後利用自由空間光通訊(Free Space Optics, FSO)的方式傳出去。接收端的部分使用極化分離器把光分成垂直光與水平光個別作解碼,之後利用光檢測器(Photo-detector, PD)做平衡檢測來消除多重使用者干擾(Multiple Access Interference, MAI)並且把I、Q通道訊號還原。 利用Opitsysytem模擬軟體在單一使用者的探討背景時,由於無多輸入多輸出(Multi-input Multi-output, MIMO)內建通道,因此先以多輸入多輸出概念探討系統效能是否會提升。因此利用MIMO架構改善通道品質,並利用STBC(Space time block code)編碼技術讓訊號降低干擾,多使用者情況會在第四章一同進行公式推導,並且參考文獻以對數-常態(log-normal)分佈機率密度模型模擬高斯通道以及雜訊數值,最後使用Matlab推算並比較在此通道下不同傳輸架構MIMO與SISO(單輸入單輸出)之間的訊號品質。由模擬結果所知,無線光通訊採用MIMO技術確實能改善當通道非理想時之系統效能。

並列摘要


In this paper, we propose a hybrid orthogonal frequency division multiplexing/optical code-division multiple-access multiplexing (OFDM/OCDMA) via polarization multiplexing technique and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technologies in free space optics (FSO) transmission to improve the accuracy of the transmission signal of log normal channel. This system has the advantages of stable transmission rate, data security and low transmission cost. We adopt quasi-orthogonal Walsh-Hadamard codes (WHC) that with fixed cross correlation value as the codeword for each user. With the property, the multiple access interference (MAI) can be efficiently eliminated by using the balanced detection scheme at the receive end. Besides, we adopt MIMO scheme of the space-time black coding (STBC) technology in wireless optical channel of various environments to maintain the signal energy transmission during multipath degradation. In simulation scenario, we use the commercial optical communication software Opitsysytem 14.0 and Matlab to collect the data and perform simulation to confirm the feasibility of the proposed architecture. Atmospheric turbulence is one of the major challenges in wireless optical systems. The use of multiple receivers and multiple transmitters provides an effective approach to mitigate the fading effect caused by the atmospheric turbulence. In the case of multi-user scenaior, we use log-normal channel as our free space optical channel and tune the variables as clear, rain weathers to confirm the proposed MIMO OFDM-OCDMA performance. We derivative the mathematical model of SISO (single input single output) and MIMO channel conditions and use Matlab to calculate and compare the signal quality between different transmission architectures. In fading channel conditions, the simulation results, we can find that the system performance can be improved by using MIMO scheme in FSO communications.

參考文獻


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