一氧化碳鍋爐熱傳流場解析

Analysis of the Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in a Carbon Monoxide Boiler

廖仁傑(Ren-Jie Liau)

指導教授 ： 葉俊郎

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/航空與電子科技研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2010.00097

摘要

一氧化碳鍋爐在煉油製程中占有非常重要的角色，它可以將再生器中的CO熱能回收再利用，所產生的蒸汽可提供給其它設備使用，煉油廠對於蒸汽的使用需求量是非常大的，一座一氧化碳鍋爐每小時約可產生300公噸的蒸氣，以蒸汽目前每公噸約769元的價格而言，換算下來一座一氧化碳鍋爐每年可替煉油廠節省約20億元的成本，其貢獻不可小觑；一氧化碳鍋爐使用再生器中的燃燒氣體(CO)為其入料，燃燒反應成CO2並釋出大量的熱，經由爐管熱交換產生過熱蒸汽；其構造分成氧化段、脫硝段、煙道氣冷卻段與脫硫段，其中氧化段與脫硝段所釋出的熱可與煙道氣冷卻段爐管中的水進行熱交換以產生過熱蒸汽並供給其它設備使用，由於氧化段與脫硝段的操作溫度相當高（可達1200℃），因此，可能會導致一氧化碳鍋爐產生內外部問題，其停車檢查維修所造成之生產線損失每日以億元起計，而其所潛藏的工安與環保問題更是不容忽視，輕則造成設備的損壞而導致生產線停擺，重則造成人員的傷亡與環境的汙染，因此，一氧化碳鍋爐的操作良窳對於相關產業生產運作的影響非常重大，本研究即在此背景下針對一氧化碳鍋爐的熱傳流場進行詳細數值模擬探討，探討內容包含(1)裝設導流錐(2)改變防火泥厚度(3)注入稀釋噴流等方式對於流場溫度分佈、剪應力分佈及迴流區變化等之影響，期能對後續之燃燒流場探討奠定基礎，希望能設計出高效率、高安全性且低污染的一氧化碳鍋爐氧化段與脫硝段，以提昇國內相關產業（如石化業、鋼鐵業、機械業等）的水準。

關鍵字

一氧化碳鍋爐 ； 熱傳流場 ； 導流錐 ； 防火泥 ； 稀釋噴流

並列摘要

CO boiler plays an important role in the petroleum-refining process. It can retrieve the thermal energy of CO from the regenerator for use. CO boiler utilizes the burning gas (CO) from the regenerator as fuel. Then CO reacts to form CO2 and release large amount of heat. The hot flue gas then flows through the superheater section and exchanges heat with the water in the boiler tubes to produce superheated steam which can be used by other equipments. The daily required amount of steam for a petroleum refinery is extremely huge. The current value of steam is 769＄NT per ton. A CO boiler can produce 300 ton of steam per hour. This contributes two billion＄NT per year to a petroleum refinery ! A CO boiler is composed of oxidizer section, DeNOx section, flue gas cooler section, and DeSOx section. The operating temperatures in oxidizer and DeNOx sections can be as high as 1200℃. This can result in the interior or exterior problems of CO boilers. The loss caused by shutdown/inspection/maintenance of CO boilers can be hundreds of million＄NT per day. Furthermore，the potential threats of safety and environmental protection can not be ignored. Consequently, the performance of oxidizer and DeNOx sections has a detrimental influence on the operation and production of related industries. This study presents a detailed investigation of the heat transfer and fluid flow in a CO boiler.
In this research, the following three means on the flow field and temperature distribution, shear stress, and recirculation zone are discussed : (1) the installation of a guide cone (2) thickness of fire prevention material (3) addition of inert dilution flow. This can be helpful for the subsequent study of the oxidation and DeNOx processes in a CO boiler. The purpose of this research is to design high-efficiency, high-safety, and low-pollution oxidizer and DeNOx sections of a CO boiler and to raise the scientific and technical levels of domestic related industries。

並列關鍵字

CO Boiler ； Heat Transfer ； Guide Cone ； Fire Prevention Material ； Inert Dilution Flow

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