平面齒輪之自動化檢驗系統開發

Development of An Automated Inspection System for the Planar Gears

陳鶴霖(Ho-Lin Chen)

指導教授 ： 張信良

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

現今常用的齒輪檢測多以接觸的方式為之，高精度的齒輪需使用昂貴的齒輪量測儀，對於小尺寸齒輪的量測則還在開發階段尚未成熟，因此，本研究旨在開發利用影像處理技術整合雙軸電控平移台，對平面齒輪中之正齒輪進行自動化精度檢測。市售影像量測儀的功能，大多是以點、線、圓、弧來測量待測元件，因此，應用於齒輪的量測上只能求出齒頂及齒根圓。齒輪之齒形為一複雜曲線，現有的影像量測儀無法測量出齒輪的主要尺寸及齒形精度。因此，本研究開發影像處理應用於正齒輪的自動化量測技術，針對正齒輪的外型輪廓進行特徵的擷取與計算，量測出齒輪的外徑、根徑、齒厚…等基本參數，並求出齒形精度、節距誤差…等各項重要精度指標，為了驗證本研究所開發之系統，使用接觸式量測並取其量測參數與本研究所開發之系統作誤差比較。
本研究所開發之量測系統結合了市售CCD攝影頭及雙軸電控平移台，應用到小齒輪的量測，提供一可靠的齒輪量測方式，更可解決以往無法量測小尺寸正齒輪製造精度之課題，成果亦可應用於其他型式的平面齒輪，快速進行生產線上的量測及齒輪定位以達到快速量測的效果。

關鍵字

影像處理 ； 量測齒形精度 ； 節距誤差 ； 自動化

並列摘要

In Commercial, most of the measurements of gears are measured by the direct contact between the stylus and gears. However, the device is expensive and can’t be applied to the small gears.
The main objective of this thesis is to develop a measurement system for the planar gears of spur gears by the image processing technology. Now, the commercial image measurement systems could measure the point, line, and fillet of a work piece. So it can only be applied to measure the outside and inside diameters of gears but not the profile deviation, pitch error, and so on, due to the gears complicated geometry.
Therefore, the measurement system of planar gears using the image process technology is developed here. For the spur gears, the developed system can be applied in the measurement of the important parameters and precision of gear tooth profile, etc. In order to validate the developed system, the direct contact measurement is also proceeded in this thesis.
The developed measurement system in this research combines a commercial CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera and XY-Table. It provides a reliable and powerful method to measure the spur gear. The results can also be applied to the other types of planar gears and can also be applied in the measurement of production line by the easy setting and measurement of gears.

並列關鍵字

Image Processing ； Measurement ； Profile Deviation ； Pitch Error ； Automation

參考文獻

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[14]林育增，“平面齒輪之非接觸式檢驗”，碩士論文，國立虎尾科技大學機械與機電工程所，2010年。