芹菜可培養型內生細菌之鑑定及其功能性研究

Identification of Culture-Dependent Bacterial Endophytes in Celery(Apium graveolens L.) and Their Functional Characterization

黃光昌(Kuang-Chang Huang)

指導教授 ： 楊禮亘

國立虎尾科技大學/文理學院/生物科技研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2013.00138

摘要

芹菜(Celery; Apium graveolens L.)為繖形花科(Umbelliferae)芹菜屬(Apium)，全株具有強烈香味，富含纖維質，主要做為蔬菜食用。根據2011年行政院農委會農糧署公告統計我國芹菜栽培面積為1,138公頃，總產量25,079公噸，以平均價格24.53元/公斤計算其產值約615,187,870元，主要產區集中於雲林縣、桃園縣等地區，其中雲林縣約佔58%。芹菜的生長與產量受土壤、氣候、設備、施肥等影響外，此外植物組織中的內生菌也許扮演著重要的角色，例如促進生長及增加產量等能力。為了解芹菜內生菌相，本實驗利用16S rRNA基因分析技術鑑定芹菜的根、莖、葉內可培養內生菌之種類。經研究一共篩選得11株芹菜內生菌分別屬於α-proteobacteria (18%)、β-proteobacteria (9%)、γ-proteobacteria (73%)菌綱。在不同組織中內生菌的分佈在根中為γ-proteobacteria (100%)，莖部為α-proteobacteria (22%)、γ-proteobacteria (78%)，葉部為β-proteobacteria (6%)、γ-proteobacteria (94%)，在芹菜中的內生菌相中以γ-proteobacteria佔多數也分佈於各組織中。最後，本研究針對不同芹菜內生菌進行功能性測試，發現27%具溶解磷酸鈣功能、91%具鐵載體功能及82%具產生IAA功能。這些結果符合文獻所描述且大多內生菌具多重促進植物生長之功能及潛力，且在未來研究其對芹菜生長及產量的影響，並發展成生物肥料以期減少或替代化學肥料的使用、改善化學物質對土壤及水源的污染。

關鍵字:芹菜、內生菌、16S rRNA基因、促進植物生長、生物肥料。

關鍵字

芹菜 ； 內生菌 ； 16S rRNA基因 ； 促進植物生長 ； 生物肥料

並列摘要

Celery (Apium graveolens L.), Family Umbelliferae, Genus Apium, is a vegetable that has a strong aroma and rich in fiber. According to statistics issued by the Agriculture and Food Agency, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan in 2011, the cultivated area of celery in Taiwan is 1,138 hectares, with a total volume of 25,079 tones and a total value of about NTD 615,187,870 calculated at the average price of NTD 24.53 kg. The largest producing region is concentrated in Yunlin County (58%), and also in Taoyuan County. The growth and yield of celery not only are affected by the surrounding environment, equipments and fertilizers applied, endophytes that exist in the plant tissues may also play important roles in promoting growth and increasing production. To understand the bacterial endophyte composition of celery, we have characterized the culturable endophytes from the root, stem and leaf tissues of celery by means of 16S rRNA sequencing approach. A total of 11 different celery endophytic bacteria that belong to the α-proteobacteria (18%), β-proteobacteria (9%), γ-proteobacteria (73%) were identified. The distribution of endophytes in the roots are predominantly γ-proteobacteria (100%), while stems harbor α-proteobacteria (22%) and γ-proteobacteria (78%), and leaf harbors β-proteobacteria (6%) and γ-proteobacteria (94%). Overall, the predominant bacterical endophytes in celery tissues are γ-proteobacteria. Finally, functional characterization of these bacterial endophytes revealed 27% endophytes conferring calcium phosphate solubilization capability, 91% conferring siderophore producing capability, and 82% conferring IAA producing capability. These studies confer with the reference showing most endophytes possess multiple plant growth promoting capabilities which deserves further study of their impact on the growth and yield of celery to develop novel bio-fertilize and to reduce or substitute the usage of chemical fertilizers for improvement of soil and water pollution.

Keywords: Celery, endophytes, 16S rRNA gene, plant growth promoting, bio-fertilizer.

並列關鍵字

Celery ； endophytes ； 16S rRNA gene ； plant growth promoting ； bio-fertilizer

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