用於電梯電能回收之三相市電併網換流器之設計

傳統電梯不具有電能回收裝置，在電梯馬達剎車時，將能量消耗於電阻中發熱，浪費能源甚多，本文旨在製作三相交流-直流功率轉換器，將電梯剎車時所產生的能量，回收到三相市電中，達到節能的目的，而其關鍵為具市電並聯功能之電能回收電源轉換技術。電梯電能回收器硬體架構，包含三臂型三相交流-直流功率轉換器(Inverter)、電壓及電流回授電路、保護電路以及介面控制電路;在市電併聯控制策略方面，利用三相市電回授電壓估測市電角位置，經由直流電壓閉迴路控制與交流電流閉迴路控制，以穩定直流匯流排上電壓及電流的調節補償，再採用空間向量脈波寬度調變技術，降低電流諧波失真並提高轉換效率。電梯電能回收器控制系統以32位元數位控制器(DSP,TMS320F28069)為核心，使用C語言撰寫三相併網控制策略，完成三相換流器之實體製作。本文已完成三相交流-直流功率轉換器4kW之整體測試，並且在電梯上實際回收剎車電能，其三相交流-直流功率轉換器，單獨操作在4kW時整體效率約為90%，電流總諧波失真為7.82%。依據電能回收電路啟動點設為330V、車廂內重量350kg、電梯保護電壓350V的條件時，實際回收剎車電能，電梯的單趟運作可獲得約0.9Whr的回收能量。

關鍵字

電梯剎車；能量回收；市電併聯；數位控制；換流器；三相交流-直流功率轉換器

並列摘要

Traditional elevator does not have the power recovery device. The energy is consumed in the resistor when the elevator motor is braking. This energy can be recycled during the elevator motor braking, and fed into grid for the energy saving purpose. This thesis aims to design a three-phase grid-connected inverter for elevator energy recovery. In this thesis, the grid-parallel control strategy uses the feedback three-phase voltage to get the main electricity angular position estimation. The strategy applies a closed-loop current control to stabilize the DC-bus voltage and current regulation, and utilizes a space vector pulse width modulation technology to reduce current harmonic distortion and improve conversion efficiency. The hardware architecture includes three-phase AC-DC power converter (inverter), voltage- and current-feedback circuits, protection circuit and interface control circuit. A 32-bit digital controller (DSP, TMS320F28069) is used as the core and the three-phase grid-control strategy is burned into it by using C language. This research has built a 4kW AC-DC power inverter and finished the overall test with actual recovery of braking energy in an elevator operation. The three-phase AC-DC power converter works in a separate 4kW operation with an overall efficiency 90.4% and a total harmonic distortion of current 7.82%. When the starting condition of energy recovery circuit is set at operating voltage 330V, compartment load 350kg, overvoltage protection 350V, the energy recovery circuit can actually recover about 0.9Whr brake energy in a one-way operation. Keywords: Elevator motor brake, Energy recovery, grid-parallel, Digital controller, Inverter, Three-Phase AC-DC power converter.

並列關鍵字

Elevator brakes ； Energy recovery ； grid-parallel ； Digital control ； Inverter ； Three-Phase AC-DC power converter

參考文獻

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用於電梯電能回收之三相市電併網換流器之設計

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