- 學位論文
利用里氏木黴菌液態發酵生物性資材製備水耕營養液
Development of hydroponic nutrient solution through liquid fermentation of biological materials by Trichoderma reesei
摘要
台灣位於亞熱帶地區，農業發展進步，現代農業要求作物的產量要高、品質要好，為達成此目的，養分的供應必須能滿足作物的需求，導致化學肥料的需求大增。長期使用化學肥料，不但沒辦法達到增產的目的，反而還帶來環境的弊害。將農業及畜產廢棄物等尚有利用價值的有機資材，經發酵熟成後回歸農地，不但可以解決廢棄物問題，而且可以增進地力。依照不同作物所需，選擇適合的生物性資材，利用微生物發酵轉換成植物可利用的營養元素，施用於土壤或介質中，供植物吸收使用。本實驗利用里式木黴菌(Trichoderma reesei)液態發酵轉換大豆粕、油棕灰、魚骨粉、海藻粉及糖蜜等材料，經21天；並監測發酵期間其酸鹼值、導電度及營養成分之變化。液態發酵較固態堆肥更容易被作物吸收利用，可迅速提供作物營養，並將其應用於水耕栽培系統。
並列摘要
Taiwan is located in the subtropics, where agriculture is well developed. Modern agriculture requires not only the high productivity of crops but also processes that are healthy and environmentally friendly. The requirements of chemical fertilizers have been raised drastically because of severe environmental pollution and harm to human health. Agricultural and livestock wastes are valuable biological materials for utilizing plant nutrients that must be fermented by soil microorganisms for improved soil fertility in agricultural applications. For microbial fermentation, the conversion of compositions into plant nutrients, and crop production, the selection of appropriate biological materials depends on the crop. In this study, soybean meal, oil palm ash, fish bone meal, seaweed powder, and molasses were fermented by Trichoderma reesei, for 21 days by using a liquid system. During the fermentation period, the pH, electric conductivity, and plant nutrients changes were monitored to obtain optimal components for preparing a hydroponic nutrient solution to be applied to a leaf and fruit vegetables culture. Therefore, using liquid fermentation to convert biological materials to a hydroponic culture is a suitable approach to reducing agricultural waste and environmental stress.