多載波功率強制截斷演算法應用於5G最新混合式波束成形巨量陣列天線多輸入多輸出系統

Novel Hybrid Beamforming Architecture with Multi-Carriers Greedy Truncated Power Algorithm in 5G Massive MIMO Systems

許沛賢(Pei-Hsien Hsu)

指導教授 ： 林俊廷

國立交通大學/光電學院/光電系統研究所/碩士(2018年)

摘要

隨著科技快速發展，手持式行動裝置在21世紀日漸普及化，人們開始大量使用影音娛樂應用程式，甚至往虛擬實境發展，也因此對於高畫質、立即性、雲端存取技術需求急遽增加，資料傳輸需求也呈指數函數成長，使得近年第四代無線通訊面臨供不應求狀況。為了解決不足問題，世界各國往第五代無線通訊方向研究發展。為了達到第五代無線通訊所要求的高通道容量目標，有提出不同技術，包括巨量陣列天線多輸入多輸出系統、毫米波段、微型基地台、波束成形技術以及載波聚合技術等。
在毫米波頻段雖有大頻寬可使用，但每個頻段彼此間距很大，如果以傳統觀念單一頻段配置一套系統，將導致成本過多等問題，在未來5G上的使用勢必造成一個沉重的成本負擔。因此本文提出結合載波聚合技術與巨量陣列天線多輸入多輸出系統架構。為了驗證此想法，本文以MATLAB®軟體程式模擬實際收發訊號過程並以通道容量值呈現數據，同時改良、推導出可用於雙載波、多載波沒有相位延遲補償演算法，可在同組系統同時傳送多高頻載波訊號服務不同使用者，進而增加高傳輸率與通道容量目的。然而在多頻段共用同組系統時有衍生出空間相關性與移相器相位延遲等問題需克服，因此本文針對相位延遲去做補償而推導新的雙載波、多載波相位延遲補償演算法。而研究結果顯示與獨立系統相比較下，雖然在整合系統會犧牲些許總通道容量值，但在基地台架構上有大幅減少成本以及功率的優勢，形成容量值與成本有取捨關係。
最後本文提出將混合式波束成形部份連接架構分線天線擺放的未來計畫，來改善基地台邊緣地區因路徑損耗過大造成訊號品質差等問題，增加系統傳輸效率。

關鍵字

5G演算法 ； 混合式波束成形 ； 巨量陣列天線多輸入多輸出系統 ； 載波聚合

並列摘要

With the rapid development of technology, the handle equipment become more common gradually, people start to use application of digital entertainment, or even virtual reality, the demand for high definition image, immediacy, and data access with cloud process techniques would increase sharply, data transmission also grows up exponentially, it would lead to demand exceed supply on the 4G wireless communication.
To solve the insufficient problems, countries around the world are dedicated to the development of 5G of wireless communication research. In order to achieve the 5G target of high channel capacity, there are some advanced techniques, including massive MIMO, millimeter wave, beamforming, carrier aggregation and so on.
Although there are large bandwidth in the high frequency bands, however, because of big gap between frequency bands, if every band equipped with one system like the traditional concept, it would lead to more component and energy cost, and it must be a serious problem on 5G. To resolve the problem, this article provides combination of carrier aggregation and massive MIMO. To verify this concept, we use MATLAB® software to simulate the real transmission and reception of process and show the data by capacity. By this concept, we could transmit more carriers’ signals at the same time to improve data rate and channel capacity in the same transmission system through rewriting and deriving new algorithm, name as “no delay compensation algorithm”. However, there are some problems which we need to overcome when we use the same transmission system to transmit different frequency signals, including spatial correlation and delay line problem in phase shifters. So we derives the other new algorithm, name as “delay compensation”. The results show that compared with independent systems, although there are some penalty on the integration system, there are some advantages of cost and power large reduction on the transmission architecture, it forms the tradeoff between cost and capacity.
In the future work, we provide a conception that the antenna of hybrid beamforming subarray connect architecture are put separately, by this method, we can solve low SINR problem which caused by high path loss in the edge, and improve data rate transmission.

並列關鍵字

5G Algorithm ； Hybrid Beamforming ； Massive MIMO ； Carrier Aggregation

參考文獻

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