職業大貨車駕駛之工作壓力、倦怠與異常駕駛行為關係之探討

由於便利超商全年365日無休，因此駕駛員除面對日益複雜多變的城市交通狀況、不可控之天候因素外，須準時、正確地將總重一噸以上貨物安全地送達每一家門市，對駕駛員心理與體力上之負荷相當考驗。故此，本研究以「職場疲勞量表」、「工作特質量表」為基礎，針對配送便利超商常溫商品P運輸公司之職業大貨車駕駛員為研究對象，並蒐集249筆有效樣本，探討其工作壓力、職業倦怠、異常駕駛行為、人格特質的影響，透過驗證性因素分析衡量各構面地信度與效度，並以結構方程模式驗證，工作壓力、職業倦怠對異常駕駛行為的直接關係，並以人格特質進行多群組分析加以探討。研究結果發現，職業大貨車駕駛員(1)心理負荷與就業缺乏保障對其個人疲勞是有顯著正向影響、同事社會支持對個人疲勞是有負向顯著影響。(2)職場正義與同事社會支持對其對服務對象疲勞有顯著負向影響。(3)個人疲勞與對服務對象疲勞，皆對駕駛行為欠佳有正向顯著影響。(4)駕駛行為欠佳對個人疲勞與對服務對象疲勞，有正向顯著影響。(5)人格特質外顯者較內隱者，在心理負荷、就業缺乏保障、駕駛行為欠佳對個人疲勞，與個人疲勞對駕駛行為欠佳，有顯著影響。最後依據研究結果，提出各項建議。

關鍵字

職業大貨車駕駛；工作壓力；職業倦怠；人格特質；異常駕駛行為

並列摘要

Due to the convenience of supermarkets, drivers must deliver goods with a total weight of more than one ton to each city on time and correctly and safely, in addition to facing increasingly complicated and changeable urban traffic conditions and uncontrollable weather factors. This is quite a test of the driver's psychological and physical load. Therefore, this study is based on the "Workplace Fatigue Scale" and the "Working Quality Table", and is aimed at the distribution of the large-scale commercial truck driver of the Super-commercial and normal temperature commodity P transportation company. 249 valid samples were collected to explore the effects of work stress, job burnout, abnormal driving behavior and personality traits. The reliability and validity of each aspect were measured by confirmatory factor analysis. The structural equation model was used to verify the direct relationship between job stress and job burnout and abnormal driving behavior. Meanwhile, the personality traits were analyzed by multi-group analysis. The study found that the driver of the professional truck (1) psychological load and lack of employment protection has a significant positive impact on personal fatigue, and social support of colleagues has a significant negative impact on personal fatigue. (2) Workplace justice and social support of colleagues have a significant negative impact on the fatigue of their clients. (3) Personal fatigue and service object fatigue have a positive and significant impact on poor driving behavior. (4) Poor driving behavior has a positive and significant impact on personal fatigue and service object fatigue. (5) Individuals with obvious personality traits have a significant impact on personal fatigue in terms of psychological load, lack of job security, poor driving behavior, and personal fatigue on poor driving behavior. Finally, according to the research results, various suggestions are put forward.