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  • 學位論文

黎曼曲面與橢圓函數的理論及其對正弦高登方程的應用

The Theories of Riemann Surfaces and Elliptic Functions with Application to the sine-Gordon Equation

指導教授 : 李榮耀

摘要


我們有興趣的是,研究正弦高登方程的一些特殊解,正弦高登方程如下: u_tt - u_xx + sin[u(x,t)] = 0 其中 -∞ < x < ∞ ,而且 t > 0 。 經由變數變換,我們可以將原本的方程式變成以下的形式: u_ss + sin[u(s)] = 0 這是一個對於時間 s 的單擺運動方程式,而且我們可以繼續推導變成 u_s = √2[E + cos(u)],其中 E 是一個常數。 可是 √2[E + cos(u)] 是一個複數上的雙值函數,所以我們介紹黎曼曲面 R 的理論,使得這一個函數在這個曲面上變成了一個可以分析的單值函數。 接下來,我們介紹橢圓函數的古典理論,並且利用它去對 u_ss + sin[u(s)] = 0 求解,並分析相關的性質。

並列摘要


The Goal of this paper is to solve the sine-Gordon equation, u_tt - u_xx + sin[u(x,t)] = 0, where -∞ < x < ∞ and t > 0. By using the method of substitution, we get u_ss + sin[u(s)] = 0, which is a simple pendulum motion at time s with the angular displacement u, and it implies u_s = √2[E + cos(u)], where E is constant. But √2[E + cos(u)] is a two-valued function on C, so we introduce the theory of the Riemann surface R such that it comes to a single-valued analytic function on this surface. Next, we introduce the classical theory of the elliptic functions, to solve u_ss + sin[u(s)] = 0, and analyze the associated properties.

參考文獻


[1] R. Rajaraman (1982). Solitons and Instantons: An Introduction to Solitons and Instantons
[4] Yun-Ting Wu (2010). Theory of Riemann Surfaces and Its Applications to Differential
Equations. Unpublished master’s thesis, National Chiao Tung University,
Evolution Equations. National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,
in Quantum Field Theory. Amsterdam: North-Holland Personal Library.

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