多極化與多頻率可重置天線

可攜式行動通訊設備可應用可重置天線適當地調整天線的傳輸頻率或極化，抑制旁帶雜訊或改善極化不匹配的損失。可重置天線 (reconfigurable antennas) 設計之挑戰以最小的體積達到最多的頻率，極化或場型之選擇為目的。設計上，為降低成本，多採用PIN 二極體的開關機制，產生多重電流路徑，達到天線的多頻率，極化或是場型的改變。不過如何在改變其中一個特性時，其他的特性能仍保持不變，例如，重置頻率時仍能保持原有的極化與輻射場型的特性，這將是一個挑戰。通常一個模態由一個PIN二極體所控制，所以，當要產生較多模態時，經常會使用多個PIN二極體，使得天線滿足上述需求。但是使用多個PIN二極體，將大幅的增加天線的成本，並且多個PIN二極體間的相互干擾/耦合，使得多模重置的設計變得相當困難。本論文提出一個多頻率與極化重置天線。該天線僅使用四個PIN二極體開關的切換，即可達成五種可切換的模態，相較於其他可重置天線，具有體積小，低成本，與多重置的特性。該天線是由正方形的微帶天線和四片”耳型”的延伸金屬片所構成。每一個耳型金屬片與正方形微帶天線之間的連接，皆由一個PIN二極體的開關控制。透過適當地操控PIN二極體開關，改變電流路徑和改變橫向電磁波的模態，使天線產生不同的操作頻率或極化。取代以往由單一開關控制單一模式的型式，每一個開關可重複使用，使得僅用四個開關產生三個可切換的操作頻率，以及三個可切換的極化，適合用在小型的手持設備如智慧型手機或筆記型電腦等的相關產品。

關鍵字

天線；可重置；頻率可重置；極化可重置

並列摘要

A novel multiple-ear patch antenna for polarization and frequency diversities is proposed. The proposed antenna uses the PIN diodes and adjacent ears, which are small adjacent patches, to achieve the diversities purposes. By connecting or disconnecting the ears and main patch, both of the resonant frequency and transverse magnetic (TM) of proposed antenna are changed to achieve the diversities. The proposed antenna has a compact size and simple structure, which comprises of a main patch antenna, four adjacent patches and four PIN diodes. With suitable arrangement of the bias network, the proposed antenna demonstrates either switching frequency in 3.2, 3.35 or 3.6GHz with the linear polarization (LP); or switching polarization in linear, right hand circular or left hand circular polarization (RHCP/ LHCP) in the same frequency. The simulated and measured results reveal good impedance bandwidth, axial ratio, and radiation patterns; hence the proposed reconfigurable mechanism is well suited for wireless communication applications.

並列關鍵字

antenna ； reconfigurable ； frequency reconfigurable ； polarization reconfigurable ； diversity

參考文獻

o, "Antenna configurations for software defined radio and cognitive radio communication architecture," Wireless Communication and Sensor Computing, 2010. ICWCSC 2010. International Conference on , pp.1-4, 2-4 Jan. 2010

, C. Zhang, H. K. Pan, A. E. Fathy, and V. K. Nair, "Frequency-reconfigurable antennas for multiradio wireless platforms," IEEE Microwave Magazine, vol.10, no.1, pp.66-83, February 2009

Peroulis, K. Sarabandi, and L. P. B. Katehi, “Design of reconfigurable slot antennas,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, pp. 645–654, Feb. 2005.

Yang and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Patch antenna with switchable slots (PASS): reconfigurable design for wireless communications, " in Proc. IEEE Antennas and Propag. Society Int. Symp., vol.1, pp. 462- 465, 2002

en, S. J. Wu, C. H. Kang, C. K. Chan, and J. H. Tarng, "A frequency reconfigurable slot antenna using PIN diodes," in Proc. Asia-Pacific Microw. Conf., pp.1930-1933, 7-10 Dec. 2009

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多極化與多頻率可重置天線

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