葉劍英與文革之研究(1966-1976)

本論文主要探討的問題有三：第一，葉劍英在中共的崛起，與毛澤東、周恩來建立的合作情誼有關，尤其是毛澤東常說葉劍英在「長征」期間立了大功，整件事是否真如目前中共黨史著作所提的那樣，是需再去還原其真相的。第二，在文革時期，葉劍英如何在中共內部派系間周旋，就算遭到打壓，頂多只是靠邊站而已，自始至終從未被打倒，這是值得深入分析討論的。第三，文革末期，發生了「十‧六政變」，背後葉劍英所扮演的角色，將在此做探討。葉劍英是位資歷相當完整的中共高層政治人物，曾親身經歷毛澤東數不盡的鬥爭，但從未被整至鬥倒的地步，這歸功於他在「長征」時期和毛澤東合作，製造出事實上是不存在的電報事件，因此立下大功。文革期間，他更是維持中共內部派系間均衡之關鍵人物。在中共組織中，他更是影響政局走向的重要人物，尤其在周恩來病逝後，他擅長於在中共中央政治和軍事方面，扮演調和的角色，這樣的性格，使他能在重大的「十‧六政變」當中起了決定性的作用。

關鍵字

葉劍英；文革

並列摘要

The thesis aims to discuss three issues. First, we need to rediscover the truth that whether the rise of Ye Jianying in the Communist Party of China（CPC）is related to the establishment of his reciprocal relationship with Mao Zedong、Zhou Enlai, especially Ye’s merits in the Long March mentioned often by Mao, as in the CPC history publication. Second, it is worth further analyses and discussions of how Ye Jianying could survive within CPC’s internal factions during the time of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. Even though he was attacked and oppressed by other party members, he just became a peripheral figure at most and was never defeated. Third, the role of Ye Jianying behind the “October 6 Coup” at the end of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution is going to be discussed in this thesis. Ye Jianying is a high ranking CPC politician with complete experiences and qualifications. He used to experience countless political battles staged by Mao Zedon but he was never completely defeated, which was attributed to his cooperation with Mao Zedon in the Long March. At that time, he made up the telegraph event, which never happened in fact, and did Mao a big favor. In addition, he played an important role in maintaining the balance among CPC’s internal factions. In the organization of CPC, he was even an important figure who would influence the direction of politics. After the death of Zhou Enlai, he was good at playing the role as a negotiator in the political and military affairs of CPC. Such personality causes him to have a crucial effect on the significant “October 6 Coup.”