應用SSM/I衛星資料分析颱風形成之激發機制

Applying SSM/I data to analyze the formation mechanism of typhoons

劉嘉騏(Jia-Chyi Liou)

指導教授 ： 劉振榮

國立中央大學/地球科學學院/大氣物理研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

熱帶氣旋往往在登陸時，會挾帶大量降雨，造成生命財產的損失，因此對熱帶氣旋的研究不在少數，其中也包括了預測熱帶氣旋的生成。而本研究即是利用SSM/I衛星資料估算環境場提供的能量，來探討影響颱風形成的關鍵。比較相近時間的a)晴空、b)由晴空發展至雲簇、及c)由晴空發展至熱帶氣旋，這三種狀況下，能量隨時間的變化情形，並分析影響颱風生成的激發機制。
結果顯示出，從晴空發展至雲簇，能夠再進一步發展成為颱風的關鍵，在於由降雨提供的潛熱釋放量的大小。若考慮整體海洋-大氣之環境場所提供的總合成能量，當此總合成能量達到本研究分析建立的門檻值，那麼就可以推斷此區域的環境場有足夠的能量支持熱帶雲簇在未來進一步發展成為颱風。

關鍵字

颱風 ； SSM/I ； 形成

並列摘要

The heavy rainfall from typhoons often causes losses of lives and properties. So, the researches on tropical cyclone are numerous, including the prediction of the tropical cyclone’s formation. In this study, we employ SSM/I data to estimate the total energy provided from the environment to discuss what is the key factor that influences the formation of typhoon. We compare the time variations of the air-sea parameters in three situations （A. clear sky, B. from clear sky develops to cloud cluster, C. from clear sky develops to tropical cyclone） starting in the close timing, and analyze the main mechanism which influences the genesis of typhoon.
The result shows that the magnitude of latent heat release is very important for typhoon developed from cloud cluster. If we consider the total energy provided from the entire air-sea environment, we can suggest that the cloud cluster owning enough energy to form typhoon in the future when the total energy is larger than the threshold set up in our study.

並列關鍵字

SSM/I ； formation ； typhoon

參考文獻

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