新型膝關節韌帶量測裝置之開發

the development of the new knee ligament testing device

許文銘(Wun-ming Syu)

指導教授 ： 蔡錫錚

國立中央大學/工學院/光機電工程研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

在進行複雜的膝關節置換術時，其中ㄧ項重要工作就是利用膝關節量測裝置，迅速、準確並不破壞原有組織下評判出軟組織是否平衡。但現有量測的裝置，大多都需在大傷口的情況下使用，並無法符合現行微創手術的潮流，所以本研究從醫師對膝關節觸診的方式，藉由下肢模型的簡化力學模型，開發並製作自外部量測的新型膝關節韌帶量測裝置雛形，分析膝關節的受力情形，以改良現行量測方式。
為驗證此一概念之可行性與實用性，本研究根據醫師外部觸診的動作與姿勢，設計出對應模擬驗證系統，用以模擬韌帶組織在膝關節中作用的情形，將下肢模型與量測裝置結合進行測試，藉此了解量測裝置的效果與準確性。
藉由實驗測試的結果，可以了解外部量測對於韌帶剛性的測試具有一定的穩定度與可靠度。雖然由簡化力學模型分析的結果與實驗測試的結果並不完全吻合，本研究亦針對此點提出幾項可能產生問題的因素，以作為將來研究膝關節軟組織理論模型的基礎。

關鍵字

人工膝關節置換術 ； 膝關節軟組織平衡 ； 膝關節力學模型 ； 膝關節韌帶

並列摘要

In total knee replacement surgery, using the knee testing device to measure soft tissue balance without damaging the tissue in the knee is very important. Most of the current knee testing device have to use a bigger incision, and those can’t satisfy the trend of minimally invasive surgery. According to the mode of the orthopaedic test for valgus/varus stability, this research develop the prototype of the new knee ligament testing device with the simplified biomechanics model and analyze the force at the knee joint to improve the measurement of soft tissue balance test.
According to the movement of the orthopaedic test for valgus/varus stability, a experimental system was also designed to simulate the ligament in the knee and to verify the feasibility of this concept. In order to test the precision of testing device, the prototype of the new knee ligament testing device and the experimental system were combined to perform a experiment.
The results of the experiments verify that the new knee ligament testing device have great stability for ligament test. However, there are some differences between the calculated results of the simplified biomechanics model and the experimental results. Some possible reasons of the differences are proposed in this research. The biomechanics model for the further study on the soft tissue balance in knees can be based on this research in the future.

並列關鍵字

knee ligament testing device ； Total knee replacement ； knee biomechanics model ； soft tissue balance in the knee

參考文獻

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