The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method has been employed to analyze the transport phenomena in a 2-D rarefied free shear layer at hypersonic speed and the rationality of the 2-D simplification for a 3-D low-speed rectangular cross-sectional microchannel.
The mixing properties of various fluctuation correlations are investigated in the present thesis for a rarefied gas free shear layer at hypersonic speed. The Reynolds average process is assumed when obtaining the correlation functions. Results show that the flow field structure was very similar to that of continuum flow ones at high Reynolds numbers. The higher order correlations are discussed to manifest that the statistical characteristics of these correlations can be realized via its corresponding pdfs, f(u’), f(v’), and jpdf, f(u’,v’), in velocity space. The heat transfer due to momentum and temperature fluctuation correlations, and , are calculated and try to discern its statistical characteristics via the revealed corresponding pdf, f(t’), and jpdfs, f(u’,t’), f(v’,t’), in velocity and temperature space. The calculated distributions of those correlation functions behave as momentum and heat transfer phenomena in the rarefied free shear layer which play a similar role as the turbulent transport in the continuum flow ones.
The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method has also been employed to analyze the rationality of the 2-D simplification for a 3-D straight rectangular cross-sectional microchannel. An implicit treatment for low-speed inflow and outflow boundaries of the DSMC method for the microchannel flow is employed. The 3-D microchannel flows are simulated with cross aspect ratios in the range of 1 and 5. The calculated flow properties in the 3-D cases are compared with the results of the 2-D case. They show that when the aspect ratio < 3, the two extra side walls in the 3-D case have significant effects on the heat transfer and flow properties. When the aspect ratio is increased, the flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics tend to approach those of 2-D results. The 2-D simplification is found to be reasonable only when the cross aspect ratio is greater than 5.