康生之研究(1898-1975)

A Study of Kang Sheng (1898-1975)

謝依純(I-Chun Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 齊茂吉

國立中央大學/文學院/歷史研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本文主要探討的問題有三：第一，康生如何利用整風運動來徹底肅清王明等留蘇派的影響，將中共黨內原先對共產國際與王明的崇拜轉為對毛澤東自己崇拜，是相當值得探討的問題。第二，十年文革之中，康生順遂地一路從中央文革顧問爬上中央政治局常委，繼而青雲直升中國共產黨的副主席。在中共詭譎多變的政局中，康生如何在政治風暴中屹立不搖並高升至中共副主席，在此將做深入討論。第三，康生死前為何一反常態，向毛澤東揭發其長期合作的盟友江青與張春橋的歷史問題，本文也將深入研究探討。
康生因其特務長才與為蘇共實施「鎮反肅托」等豐富經歷，使毛澤東重用康生來整合中共情報機構並推行延安整風。文革時期康生也一路從中央文革顧問、中央政治局常委到中共副主席，地位僅次於毛澤東之下。而從歷史淵源來看，康生在文革時期的影響，與他長期和毛澤東、江青合作有很大的關係，他在文革中的角色、功能與作為均取決於毛澤東的態度，奉承毛澤東的旨意辦事。而康生最幸運的是，他比毛澤東早九個月過逝，因此在有生之年得以保全住自己聲望。

關鍵字

延安整風 ； 文革 ； 康生 ； 毛澤東

並列摘要

The thesis aims to discuss three issues: First, how Kang Sheng made use of the Rectification Movement to eliminate the influence of those who studying abroad in Soviet Union comprised of Wang Ming and to transform the admiration of the members of Communist Party toward Communist International and Wang Ming into Mao Zedong.
Second, during the 10-year Cultural Revolution, Kang Sheng was promoted from the Central Cultural Revolution Consultant to the member of Standing Committee of Political Bureau of Central Committee then directly the Vice-President of Communist Party of China (CPC). We will explore how Kang Sheng would stand in the storm of CPC and how he was promoted to the Vice-President of CPC.
Third, why Kang Sheng chose to report the historical problem of his long-term ally (Jiang Qing and Zhang Chunqiao) to Mao Zedong will also be discussed in this paper.
Kang Sheng was trusted with real responsibility by Mao Zedong for his ability of secert agent and rich experience in implementing ‘Suppression and Elimination’ for Russian Communist Party for integrating CPC information organization and introducing the Rectification Movement. During the Cultural Revolution, Kang Sheng was promoted from the Central Cultural Revolution Consultant, the member of Standing Committee of Political Bureau of Central Committee then the Vice-President of CPC whose status was merely lower than Mao Zedong. From the historical perspectives, the influence of Kang Sheng in the Cultural Revolution related to his long-term collaboration with Mao Zedong and Jiang Qing. His role, capacity and deeds were decided by Mao’s attitude and accordingly he handled business in compliance with Mao’s point of view. It was fortunate for Kang Sheng that he died 9 months earlier than Mao Zedong, so that he could keep a fine reputation in his living years.

並列關鍵字

the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution ； the Rectification Movement ； Mao Zedong ； Kang Sheng

參考文獻

馬繼森，《外交部文革紀實》（香港：香港中文大學，2003年）。

齊茂吉，《毛澤東和彭德懷、林彪的合作與衝突1954-1971》（台北：新新聞文化事業股份有限公司，1997年1月）。

齊茂吉，〈林彪與江青交惡之始末〉，《兩岸發展史研究》，期3（2007年6月），125-163。

檔案暨史料彙編

《建國以來毛澤東文稿》，第六冊（北京：中央文獻出版社，1997年1月）。