圖形列表著色

On list coloring of graphs

葉政峰(Cheng-Feng Yeh)

指導教授 ： 葉鴻國

國立中央大學/理學院/數學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

在這篇論文中, 我們呈現了一些關於圖形列表著色的結果以及其推廣變形的版本。首先我們在choosability with separation s 上給了一個Nordhaus-Gaddum形式的結果, 推廣了 Erdos, Rubin and Taylor 的一個定理(Congr. Numer. 26 (1979) 125-157)。 再來定義了一個新的圖表參數chg,s (G), 經由討論其上界推廣了Waters
提出的一個定理(J. London Math. Soc. 73 (2006) 565-585)。 在 (Discrete Applied Math. 45 (1993), 277-289) 中, Tesman 提到了如果 Pn 是一個有 n 個點的路徑, 那麼 chs(Pn) = [ 2s(1-1/n) ] + 1, 他的證明能輕易推廣來證明：對於一個有著 n 個點的樹而言,我們有chs(Tn) = [ 2s(1-1/n) ] + 1, 而在此給了一個較簡易且直觀的證明對於chs(Pn) (同時亦對於chs(Tn))。 在(Discrete Appl. Math. 82 (1998) 1-13) 中,Alon and Zaks 證明了 chs(Kn,n) = O(s log n) , 在此篇論文中, 我們給了一個更精確的版本。 對於任意有限圖 G 而言, Waters (J. London Math. Soc. 73 (2006) 565-585) 提出了當 s 趨近無窮大時, cchs(G)/s 極限存在, 並定義此極限為 τ(G)。 最後在此篇論文中
提出了另一種特徵來表示τ(G) , 為 τ(G) = inf{cchs(G)/s : s belongs to N} 。

關鍵字

列表著色

並列摘要

In this paper we present some results on list coloring and its variants. A Nordhaus-Gaddum type result on choosability with separation s is presented which generalizes a theorem of Erdos, Rubin and Taylor
(Congr. Numer. 26 (1979) 125-157). A new graph parameter chg,s (G) is introduced, and its nontrivial upper bound is provided which generalizes a theorem of Waters (J. London Math. Soc. 73 (2006) 565-585).In (Discrete Applied Math. 45 (1993), 277-289.), Tesman showed that if Pn is a path of n vertices then chs(Pn) = [2s(1 - 1/n)] + 1. He also
remarked that almost the same proof can be easily extended to prove that chs(Tn) = [2s(1 - 1/n)]+1 for a tree Tn of n vertices. Here we give a much shorter and neater proof for Tesman''s result on chs(Pn) (and hence also on chs(Tn)). In (Discrete Appl. Math. 82 (1998) 1-13)Alon and Zaks proved that chs(Kn,n) = O(s log n). In this paper we present a slightly stronger version of their result. For any finite graph G, Waters (J. London Math. Soc. 73 (2006) 565-585) showed that lim{cchs(G)=s : s tends to infinity} exists, and define this limit as τ(G). In the last part of this paper, we show that there is another characterization of
τ(G), τ(G) = inf {cchs(G)=s : s belongs to N}。

並列關鍵字

list coloring

參考文獻

[1] N. Alon and A. Zaks, T-choosability in graphs, Discrete Appl. Math. 82(1998) 1-13.

[3] E. A. Nordhaus and J. W. Gaddum, On complementary graphs, Amer. Math. Monthly 63 (1956), 175-177.

[4] B. A. Tesman, T-colorings, list T-colorings and set T-colorings of graphs, RUTCOR Res. Rept. RRR 57-89, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ (1989).

[5] B. A. Tesman, List T-colorings of graphs, Discrete Applied Math. 45(1993), 277-289.

[6] R. J. Waters, Consecutive list colouring and a new graph invariant, J. London Math. Soc. (2) 73 (2006), 565-585.