使用光線追跡法設計軸對稱太陽能集光器

Design an Axial Symmetry Solar Concentrator Using Ray Tracing Method

林志豪(Chih-Hao Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳奇夆

國立中央大學/工學院/光機電工程研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本論文探討之軸對稱太陽能集光器主要架構是由兩圓錐面鏡組成，主要反射面為拋物面，分別搭配的兩種次要反射面：雙曲面、橢圓面去作設計。首先，針對已有的雙反射圓錐面鏡之集光器技術，其接收器置於主要反射面外側，並考慮集光系統之追蹤器，在可容許的追蹤偏差範圍內，利用自建程式分別找出拋物面-雙曲面、此兩種集光器的最佳組合的參數，且分別模擬集光結果，而發現兩者集光效果相差甚少。
而為了增加太陽能電池的使用效率，針對一種雙反射集光模組去做搭配的透鏡設計，目的為：將原本集中在一塊的光斑分散聚集、並降低偏差角度造成的光斑位置誤差。透鏡設計概念：透鏡第一面將無補償器的雙反射集光模組的輸出光做均一化，透鏡第二面在將均一化的光能量分散聚焦。
接著，針對已有的雙反射集光器技術未探討之參數：主要反射鏡孔徑大小、接收器的位置，去做集光結果分析。主要反射鏡孔徑越大，集光比越高；而接收器置於兩反射鏡間，才有最佳集光結果。

關鍵字

太陽能 ； 反射鏡 ； 圓錐面 ； 集光器 ； 雙反射 ； 透鏡

並列摘要

In this paper, we use double reflective conic mirrors to design axial symmetry solar concentrator, that the primary mirror is paraboloidal and the second mirror is hyperboloidal or ellipsoidal. First, we use our program to find out the best concentration result of the past solar concentration technology, that the detector of the concentrator is at the outside of the primary mirror, under the allowable rang of concentrator tracing error. To compare the concentration result of the two best cases, we find the results of the two best cases are similar.
In order to increase the efficiency of solar cells, we design a lens collocating double reflective solar concentrator for the case without moving the detector. The objectives are dispersing the concentrated spots and reducing spot position deviations. The ideal in designing the lens are: first, using the first surface of the lens to uniform the outputting lights passing through double reflective solar concentrator, and then using the second surface of the lens to focus these lights on some different positions of the detector.
Then, we use the two elements, the aperture size of primary mirror and the detector position (they are not analyzed in the past solar concentration technology we referring), to analyze the concentration result. We find out concentration ratio increasing when the aperture size of the primary mirror increases. There is the best concentration result when the detector is placed between two mirrors.

並列關鍵字

lens ； double reflective ； concentrator ； conic ； reflector ； solar energy

參考文獻

[4] John L. Richter, “Optics Of A Two-Trough Solar Concentrator,” Solar Energy 56 (2) (1996) 191-198.

[5] J. M. Gordon, “A 100-Sun Linear photovoltaic Solar Concentrator Design From Inexpensive Commercial Components,”Solar Energy 57 (4) (1996) 301-305.

[6] J. M. Cariou, J. Dugas and L. Martin, “Transport Of Solar Energy With optical Fibers,”Solar Energy 29 (5) (1982) 397-406.

[7] O.A. Jaramillo, J.A. del Rio and G. Huelsz, “A thermal study of optical fibers transmitting concentrated solar energy,”J. Phys. D: Appl. Physics 32 (1999) 1000-1005.

[8] O.A. Jaramillo, G. Huelsz and J.A. del Rio, “A theoretical and experimental thermal study of SiO2 optical fibers transmitting concentrated radiative energy,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Physics. 35 (2002) 95-102.