企業安全文化之勞雇認知行為的探討

The Study on the Recognition Behavior ofEmployers/Employees in Enterprise Safety Culture

宋壬水(ren-shoei Song)

指導教授 ： 曾迪華

國立中央大學/工學院/環境工程研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2015年)

摘要

摘要

本研究以11家具職安衛系統企業之員工為樣本，採取問卷(量化)調查，再輔以資料統計分析，以瞭解企業安全勞雇認知現況，並建立企業安全預測模型。此外以專家(質化)訪談的方法，探討企業安全文化建制的策略方向。
由問卷調查結果經統計分析，本研究發現，管理安全與主管安全兩者間之相關性達0.914，顯示高階管理者的承諾與決心，是中階主管監護與執行的重要動力，而雇主若是主動積極，可收上行下效的成果，進而可改變企業的安全體質。此外，本研究根據問卷量化結果，逐步迴歸分析所獲得之安全預測模型為：Y(雇主安全領導狀況) = - 0.196 + 0.149 X1(工作安全) + 0.247X2(同事安全) + 0.300X3(管理安全) + 0.270X4(安全實務) + ε，其中以管理安全的係數0.3，在模式中最具影響力。
本研究進一步經由專家訪談結果發現，政府已制定一定水準的規章制度及職安衛系統工具，但落實度不足，因而影響人員安全認知行為，故期盼雇主應給予承諾，並下定決心於企業內落實職安衛相關法規的施行，而受雇者應為自己的安全行為負責，進而自發性培養出具備安全意識的認知。此外全員參與落實制度，鼓勵安全認知行為，逐步精進安全梯級，遞減事故發生率等策略，為強化企業安全文化的必要手段。

關鍵字

安全文化 ； 安全認知 ； 安全行為 ； 安全預測模型 ； 職安衛系統

並列摘要

Abstract

This study conducted a questionnaire survey to the employees at eleven companies which all have already carried out the Occupational Safety and Health Management System. The data obtained in this survey were statistically analyzed in order to realize the current situation of safety recognition between employers and employees and to build up a safety forecast model. In addition, this studies using the method of expert interviews, and then based on their viewpoints, to investigate the strategies for the enterprise to set up its own safety culture.
According to the statistical results of questionnaire survey, this study found that the relation coefficient between the management safety and chief-in-charge safety was 0.914. This reveals that the commitment and determination of high-level manager on enterprise safety can lead to increase the motivation of middle-level manager in monitoring and executing the safety management system. Therefore, if the employers are willing to positively conduct the safety culture, the employees would be willing to follow up and the safety essences of the company should be changed. In addition, based on the step-by-step regression analysis of the quantitative results of the questionnaire survey, the safety forecast model: Y (safety leading situation of employer) = - 0.196 + 0.149 X1 (working safety) + 0.247 X2 (colleague safety) + 0.300 X3 (management safety) + 0.270 X3 (safety practice) + ε was obtained, in which, the coefficient of management safety was 0.3 and that is the most influential factor.
Furthermore, the results of expert interviews found that the government has already promulgated a certain level of regulations, rules and tools concerning the occupational safety and health management. Currently, even a complete system and policy for labor safety security was promulgated, however, due to the incomplete implementation of the safety management system in enterprise, the recognition of safety behavior among employers/employees was still insufficient. Thus, it expects that the employers should give the commitment and determination to implement the relative safety regulations in their enterprise and the employees should take the responsibility of safety behavior themselves and further spontaneously cultivate the conscious of the safety recognition. In addition, all staff participation and implementation of the safety system, the encouragement of the behavior for safety recognition, gradually improving the level of safety, and decreasing the occurrence rate of unsafe events are the necessary strategies for building up the enterprise safety culture.

並列關鍵字

Safety Culture ； Safety Recognition ； Safety Behavior ； Safety Forecast Model ； Occupational Safety and Health Management System

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