應用陸面過程模式模擬蓮華池試驗集水區地表通量

Simulations of Land Surface Fluxes of the Lien-Hua-Chih Experimental Watershed with Land Process Models

吳秉諭(Bing-yu Wu)

指導教授 ： 李明旭

國立中央大學/地球科學學院/水文與海洋科學研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究之主要目的在應用陸面過程模式模擬蓮華池詴驗集水區地表通量，並與渦流相關系統所觀測到的地表通量進行比較，增加對該集水區陸氣交互作用之了解。本研究選用兩個近年來常被廣泛使用的模式，SSiB模式和BATS模式，其主要框架為一層植被層以及三層土壤層的大葉模式(Big leaf)，設定所模擬地區的地表覆蓋情形以及氣候參數，計算植被、大氣、土壤之間各層的交換量。模式之間的差異主要是各層之間的阻抗係數(resistance)使用不同的方程式來參數化各層的物理現象，使溫度及水汽壓力的垂直傳遞產生變化。本研究模擬期間為2008-2010三年的通量資料進行探討，並針對模式參數進行敏感度分析。研究結果說明按各月份之通量進行效率評估，SSiB模式推估三年月平均的潛熱通量皆更0.8左右之相關性，偏離誤差約為0.65倍之標準差，其各月誤差比BATS模式0.73倍之標準差來的小。參數中主要以大氣及植被因子較為敏感，而環境土壤參數的改變對地表潛熱及可感熱影響較前兩者來的小。

關鍵字

SSiB模式 ； BATS模式 ； 渦流相關 ； 蒸發潛熱

並列摘要

In this study, the water and energy exchanges between land surface and atmosphere were simulated by BATS and SSiB for a subtropical mixed evergreen forest (the Lien–Hua-Chih site) with continuous measurements of hydrological and micrometeorological variables, and eddy covariance fluxes. Both of them are typical land surface models frequently used by atmospheric research communities to study land surface processes. They have three soil layers, and a bulk canopy layer (Big Leaf Assumption) is parameterized to control the water flux from the root zone to the atmosphere by a stomatal conductance model limited by soil moisture and micrometeorological factors. Both models are capable of simulating water and energy exchanges between land surface and atmosphere. The difference between two models is the resistance in each layer. They use different equations to parameterizations of physical phenomena. Sensitivity analyses of land process models will be performed to determine dominant parameters. Applicability of land process models for the Lien–Hua-Chih site will be further investigated. Through three years of systematic studies.
The results from two models show that the Correlation coefficients of three years mean latent heat fluxes are about 0.8. The centered pattern root mean square errors of three years mean latent heat fluxes are about 0.57 in SSiB model. The error is small than the BATS model in each month. The main parameters of the atmosphere and canopy factors are more sensitive than soil factors on the land surface process.

並列關鍵字

SSiB Model ； Latent Heat of Vaporization ； BATS Model ； Eddy Covariance

參考文獻

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