- 學位論文
應用地理資訊系統分析住居熱水器一氧化碳中毒事件及其防治對策－以新竹市消防局第二大隊轄區為例
Applying Geographic Information System to Residential Water Heater Induced Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Prevention－Cases within Hsinchu City Fire Bureau, Second Corps Service Area
摘要
每逢冬季氣溫降低或寒流來襲時，國內即不斷地發生一氧化碳中毒事故，動輒造成嚴重的傷亡情形。究其因係天候寒冷、多雨或風大，容易緊閉住居門窗之故，另因現今社會型態之演變，時有民眾陽台加蓋或外推使用，成為密閉空間或違建，形成通風不良環境，加上長時間使用且未依規定安裝熱水器，使得瓦斯燃燒不完全，造成一氧化碳於居室內大量蓄積，導致人員中毒傷亡。 從本研究區域地理位置及歷年發生一氧化碳中毒之案例，詳細探討災害成因與關聯特性並研擬防治對策，進行一氧化碳中毒案件取樣分析及實施家戶訪視區分場所危險等級，同時應用GIS分析一氧化碳中毒空間分布特性。最後以都市防災的角度及地方制度的精神，思考更加積極有效的辦法，藉由自治條例製定的強制性規範及補助、獎勵措施，期能排除一氧化碳中毒因子，澈底解決一氧化碳中毒問題。
並列摘要
The chronic event of carbon monoxide poisoning in times of seasonal cold fronts or drops in temperature have had inflicted serious injuries and lost of lives to citizen. Main reasons include cold temperature, windiness and raininess that led to tightly enclosed spatial environment. In addition, the social norm of having illegal residential balcony protrusion and building alterations often led to air-tight space deprived of ventilations which caused casualties. Particularly unauthorized fixture of water heater often causes incomplete gas combustion resulted an over-fusing of carbon monoxide within room setting. This study utilises Hsinchu regional geographic area and employ past annual poisoning cases to discuss causes and relational characteristics of the disaster, so that prevention measures are proposed. Sampling cases of carbon monoxide poisoning is used and residency interview and inspection is conducted for site danger magnitude classification. In conjunction, GIS is applied to analyse spatial distribution characteristic of carbon monoxide poisoning. The study is approached in-view of urban disaster prevention and establishing a local based regulation in effective measures. By mandatory regulating autonomous governing policy and compliance incentives, it is hoped to eliminate carbon monoxide poisoning.
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