利用稀釋、沉澱及過濾程序建立分光光度計量測水中重金屬(銅、鎳、鐵、鋅)濃度方法之研究

Using the dilute、sedimentation and filtration procedures to establish the method for measured heavy metal concentration in water

林泱瑜(Yang-yu Lin)

指導教授 ： 廖述良

國立中央大學/工學院/環境工程研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

工業區原廢水處理至排放，目前無即時自動監控水質系統，重金屬處理僅靠加藥調整pH產生氫氧化物使之去除，如遇處理系統發生問題時，無法即時掌握水質之狀況，可能造成處理不完善即排放，使環境受到污染，進而經由不同途徑導致人體危害，為一大問題。雖一般工廠大多於水樣中加入呈色劑後，數分鐘內即顯色再以分光光度計進行重金屬濃度檢驗，但不同重金屬需加入不同呈色劑，於選用上須確保彼此不會造成吸收光譜之干擾，且成本也為一考量因素。本研究將建立一套利用分光光度計量測水中多成分重金屬濃度之方法，以提供事業單位利用自動監控系統之依據，能快速、簡易測得在不同水質狀況下之重金屬成分與濃度。本研究建立分光光度計量測水中銅濃度之方法，在顆粒濃度低於30 mg/L下，可不需經由任何前處理方式，配合多元線性迴歸方法，直接測得水中銅濃度，以改善過去量測上加入呈色劑之浪費與成本問題，以及數據處理繁雜之缺點，但對於顆粒濃度高於177 mg/L則需透過過濾前處理才可測得水中銅濃度。

關鍵字

分光光度計 ； 吸收光譜 ； 重金屬

並列摘要

There is no real-time automatic water quality monitoring system for industrial wastewater treatment system. For the heavy metals’ treatment just add dose to adjust pH to produce hydroxide removal,if the wastewater treatment system has problem,it can’t immediately control the situation of the water quality,maybe can result to treat imcompletely then to emission, and thus cause harm to human body through different channels.For the general factories mostly add a chromometric reagent,within minutes then use the spectrophotometer to measure concentrations of heavy metals,but different heavy metals in different chromometric reagent,so it shall ensure that each other does not cause interference, and also the cost is a consideration. The study will establish a method that measuring wastewater multi-component heavy metal concentration by spectrophotometer is in order to provide the institutions use the automatic monitoring system based on fast and simple measured the composition and concentration of heavy metals in different water quality conditions. The study establish the method to measure copper concentration in the wastewate directly by using spectrophotometer,it can without any pre-treatment when particle concentration is lower than 30 mg/L,by using the analytic method of multiple linear regression,to improve the waste and the cost of the last measurement on the chromometric reagent, as well as data processing complex of shortcomings. However, the particle concentration is higher than 177 mg/L,the wastewater shall through the filter pre-treatment to be measured copper concentration in wastewater.

並列關鍵字

heavy metal ； spectrophotometer ； absorption spectrum

參考文獻

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