運用駕駛模擬儀評估抬頭顯示器結合擴增實境對於速度選擇之影響研究

由於人口密度的增加以及生活品質的提升，機動車已經是不可取代的移動手段之一，但也因此交通事故頻傳，造成許多家破人亡的悲劇，因此道路交通安全也越來越受到重視，其中超速行駛一直是主要發生車禍的原因之一，因此如何進行速度管理是非常重要的。而其中道路工程措施便是一種有效的速度管理方式，但道路工程卻包含了許多設置設施的成本規劃以及持久性等問題。因此本研究結合了抬頭顯示器以及擴增實境的配備創造出投影式的交通標誌標線進行實驗，並研究透過這套設備所呈現的不同標誌標線對於駕駛者的速度影響，以其令駕駛者達到更有效的速度管理。本研究總共招募30名受測者使用固定式駕駛模擬器結合抬頭顯示器以及擴增實境的配備進行測試，實驗環境為直線路段的都市道路，雙向混合車道，單一車道寬度3.25m，道路總長8.4公里，於行駛過程中會隨機觸發事件，事件內容為透過抬頭顯示器投影共4種交通標誌與6種交通標線至前擋風玻璃上，並記錄受測者對於事件出現的駕駛行為反應，最後進行分析與統計。結果顯示十種交通標誌標線皆能有效降低駕駛者的行車速度，其中當心兒童警告標誌(-28.67%)、橫向減速標線(-24.5%)以及警示柱(-24.38%)的平均速度變化最為顯著，減速效果最佳。與將標誌標線任務直接設置於場景中相比，本研究採用抬頭顯示器結合擴增實境顯示交通標誌標線的方法明顯令駕駛者的反應次數比率上升，且平均速度的減速效果更為顯著，相信此設備能有效幫助駕駛者進行速度管理，增加行車安全。

關鍵字

交通標誌標線；速度管理；駕駛模擬器；抬頭顯示器；擴增實境

並列摘要

Due to the increase in population density, as well as improving the quality of life, the motor vehicle has not replace one of the means of moving. At the same time, the traffic accidents are still there, so the road traffic safety is more and more important. And speeding has been one of the main reasons of the accident. Therefore, the speed management is very important. The road engineering measures is an effective modus of speed management. But it has problems like cost, planning and persistence. So we combine head-up display with augmented reality to create the projection of traffic signs and markings. And use this device to experiment. We asked for thirty people to use fixed-driving simulator with our device that combine head-up display with augmented reality to experiment. The experimental environment is straight two-way mixed lane of urban roads. Single-lane width of 3.25m, 8.4 km length of roads, and trigger event in the process of moving. The content of the event through the head-up display projection of four kinds of traffic signs six kinds of traffic markings to the front windshield. We recorded of each person''s driving behavior reaction for analysis and statistics. The results showed that these traffic signs and markings can let motorists to reduce traffic speed. Among others, the beware of warning signs for children (-28.67%), the lateral deceleration marked line (-24.5%) and the warning column (-24.38%) had best effect of slowing. Compared with that set signs and marking in the virtual scene, we through the head-up display projected signs and marking that make the driver''s reaction times ratio increased, and the average speed of the deceleration effect is more pronounced. We believe that this device can help motorists speed management.