摘要
企業主，董事長，總裁，總經理……等統稱「高階主管」。在台灣目前非常缺乏「高階主管健康管理之研究」，以個人淺見，「健康管理」是每位高階主管都必須重視亦都應該要做的。那些高階主管最迫切需要健康管理呢? 1. 過了中年的企業主&高階主管。 2. 工作時間過長;壓力過大之高階主管或企業老闆。 3. 患有慢性病(如高血糖，高血壓，高血脂，高尿酸血症，心臟病，癌症)之企業精英。 本研究以「高階主管健康管理」為對象，並以「三高代謝症候群」為主要例子，做「成因」之探討&管理策略之敘述&研討，其研究之主要目的有: 1. 探討高階主管「健康」對事業，家人，企業之影響和重要性。 2. 探討高階主管針對「健康管理」之科學基礎和成效&重要性。 3. 針對「三高代謝症候群」(高血糖，高血壓，高血脂)成因之探討;並要一併治療，才能有效預防大血管併發症(中風，心肌梗塞)的發生。 4. 一定要及早，及時擬定生活型態調整及治療用藥或非用藥對策。 5. 防治三高越早施行成效越佳。 三高成因之探討: 1. 高血糖成因之探討:一般而言，正常人飯前空腹血糖值為70~110mg/dl，飯後不會超過140mg/dl，如果大幅度高過這個範圍，則葡萄糖(Dextrose)會從腎臟排泄到尿中而排出體外，亦即出現尿糖，「糖尿病」的病名就是這樣而來的。 2. 高血壓成因之探討:正常血壓:收縮壓<120mg/Hg;舒張壓<80mg/Hg，超過這個範圍又分高血壓前期(收縮壓<140mg/Hg;舒張壓<90mg/Hg)，第一期，第二期，第三期(收縮壓>140mg/Hg;舒張壓>90mg/Hg)。 3. 高血脂成因之探討: 高血脂指的是血液中膽固醇(正常值<200mg/dl)，三酸甘油脂(正常值<150mg/dl)異常 「高階主管的飲食&運動養生配方」策略首重「飲食管理」，其次是「運動管理」，最後才是「藥物管理」策略。 1. 合理的飲食，可以使人身康體健，延年益壽，又「生命在於運動」，運動才是提供預防疾病，消除疲勞，獲取健康長壽的重要途徑: 2. 高階主管平常飲食常喝白開水，多吃醋，常吃香蕉，菠菜，多食雜糧……。 3. 高階主管要經常運動(中，低)&漫步(散步)(飯後百歩走，活到九十九;沒事常走路，不用進藥補) 高階主管「飲食管理」策略:不外乎「三低一高」即低糖，低鹽(低鈉)低油，高纖維之預防三高的「飲食管理策略」: 1. 高血糖:高複合性碳水化合物之飲食。 2. 高血壓:低鹽(低鈉)之食物。 3. 高血脂:低飽和脂肪酸，高不飽和脂肪酸之飲食。 三高之「運動管理」策略: 1. 333運動策略:○1每星期至少運動三次○2運動期間心跳至少130次/分○3每次運動至少30分鐘。 2. 年紀大的高階主管宜選擇輕度運動，如:太極拳，散步……。 3. 中年的高階主管可以選擇中、輕度運動，如:騎單車，游泳，爬山…等。 三高之「藥物管理」策略: 1.「高血糖」之藥物管理策略：一般的原則先由醫師教導病患，針對飲食、運動等進行生活型態的控制，給予4~6週機會，再回診測定血糖之指數。若血糖降不到理想範圍，才開始使用一種或數種口服藥物或搭配胰島素注射來降低血糖。 2.「高血壓」之藥物管理策略：百分之九十以上高血壓病患終究需要藥物治療，「高血壓」藥物常見區分A、B、C、D、V其中以A類之ARB類副作用最低，又治療高血壓可以預防腎臟病之惡化。 3.「高血脂」之藥物管理策略：當單一降血脂藥物不足以將血脂肪降到目標濃度時，可能要合併使用多種藥物，最常被使用的藥物是史塔丁(startins)
關鍵字
健康管理並列摘要
Abstract Business owner, chairman, president and general manager ... so collectively, the "executives. " Taiwan is very much lacking in the " executives health management research ", with the Personal opinion on the "health management"is the importance of each must also executives should do. Executives who most urgently need health management? Who most urgently need health management? 1. After a middle-aged business owners & executives. 2. long working hours; excessive pressure of the top executives or business owners. 3. suffering from chronic diseases (such as high blood sugar, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, heart disease, cancer) of the business elite. In this study, "Executives health management research"for the object, and the "three high metabolic syndrome"as the prime example, do "cause" of the management strategy of the narrative of & seminars, the main purpose of the research are: 1. top executives of the "health" of the business, family, business impact and importance. 2. investigate the executives for "health management " of the scientific basis and effectiveness of & importance. 3. for the "three high metabolic syndrome"(high blood sugar, hypertension, hyperlipidemia) Cause of the; and to be treated in order to be effective in preventing macrovascular complications (stroke, myocardial infarction) occurs. 4. we must as soon as possible, timely preparation and treatment of lifestyle modification or drug treatment measures. 5. the effectiveness of prevention and control purposes three high sooner the better. Causes of the three high: 1. Study the causes of high blood sugar: In general, normal fasting blood glucose before meals is 70 ~ 110mg/dl, after a meal no more than 140mg/dl, if significantly higher than this range, the glucose (Dextrose) from Renal excretion and excreted into the urine, which appears urine, "diabetes, "the name of disease is one such came. 2. Study the causes of hypertension: normal blood pressure: systolic blood pressure <120mg/Hg; diastolic blood pressure <80mg/Hg, is divided over this range prehypertension (systolic blood pressure <140mg/Hg; diastolic blood pressure <90mg/Hg), the first Phase I, II, III (systolic blood pressure> 140mg/Hg; diastolic blood pressure> 90mg/Hg). 3. of the Causes of high blood cholesterol: high cholesterol refers to the abnormal blood cholesterol (normal value <200mg/dl), triglycerides (normal value< 150mg/dl) 4. Executives of the "top management formula diet & exercise and take care"strategy first heavy "food management ", followed by "Sports Management", and finally medication management"strategy. Reasonable diet, can make good sports health, longevity, and "Life is movement ", the motion is to provide preventive, remove fatigue, an important way for health and longevity: 1. Executives usually adds to the growing diet of water, more jealous, often bananas, spinach, and more food grains 2. Executives to regular exercise (medium, low) & walk (walk) (after a meal walk a hundred steps, live to be Ninety-nine; nothing ordinary walking, not into the drug fill) Executives "Food Management " strategy: no more than "three lows and one high " or low-sugar, low salt (sodium) Low-fat, high fiber to prevent three high "the food management strategies. " Namely: 1. High blood sugar: high complex carbohydrates of the whole diet. 2. hypertension: low salt (sodium) in food. 3. hyperlipidemia: low in saturated fatty acids, high unsaturated fatty acid diet. Three high of "Sports Management " strategy: 1.1 333 Campaign Strategy:to exercise at least three times a week. 1.2 eartbeat during exercise at least 130 times. 1.3 at least 30 minutes. 2. older executives should choose light exercise, such as: tai chi, walking ... .... 3. middle-aged executives can choose to moderate, and mild exercise, such as: cycling, swimming, hiking ... and so on. Three high of drug management strategies: 1 early detection of early treatment. 2 believe that modern medicine, not indiscriminately recipe. Drug treatment of high blood sugar is divided into: 1 injectable drugs: insulin (insulin inj.) & a new generation of GLP-1 derivative drugs. 2 oral medications: sulfonylureas (Sulfonylurea; SU), biguanide hormone (Biguanides), γ-glucosidase inhibitors (Acarbose), insulin sensitizers (Insulin sensitizers), short-acting insulin dose, DPP4 inhibitors. Common blood pressure drugs into five categories (A, B, C, D, V): 1 angiotensinconvertingenzymeinhibitors(Angiotensin-Coverting-Enzyme-Inhibitor; ACEI; A) & angiotensin receptor blockers (Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; ARB; A).beta blockers (Beta-Blocker; β-Blocker; B) 3 calcium channels blockers (Calcium-channel Blocker; CCB; C) 4 diuretics (Diuretics; D) 5 vasodilator (Vasodilators; V) Lipid-lowering drugs commonly divided into four categories: 1 Startin: If Lovastatin .... 2 fibers salt derivatives (Fibrates): If Bezafibrate ... 3 Niacin (Nicotinic Acid): If Niacin ... 4, cholesterol absorption inhibitors: such as Ezatimibe ...