ECFA簽訂後對台灣就業市場之衝擊與挑戰---以雲林縣的毛巾產業為例---

Impacts and Challenges of Taiwan’s Labor Market after the Signature of the ECFA：Example of Towel Industry in Yun-Lin County

劉小萍(Shiao-Ping Liu)

指導教授 ： 鄭津津

國立中正大學/社會科學院/戰略暨國際事務研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

區域化經濟整合發展規模有日益擴大之趨勢，各國之間建構出自由貿易協定，除推動關稅減讓外，並逐步放寬商品進口管制及資本投資之管制，希冀營造貿易創造及移轉效應，來提升國家整體之經濟福利。從多元層面的論述皆指出在全球化下的發展框架，不管是雙邊區域主義或全球化多邊潮流的引動與整合效應，都已經逐漸開展並讓各國體認到區域整合及協商架構存在的重要性。在此思考脈絡下，也相對的鋪陳出台灣為何及如何透過相對的協商架構來取得穩定經貿發展的機制。本研究之執行，在方法上透過文獻、次級資料與訪談之執行，從雲林縣地區毛巾產業的發展脈絡的角度出發，試圖理解在ECFA推動之後，對於毛巾產業及勞動人口所產生的相關衝擊之看法與意見作為本研究的問題焦點。

台灣面對區域整合效應的衝擊下，本研究認為可透過下列幾項措施來減化產業衝擊之效應：一、針對毛巾產業規劃客製化職業訓練模式及就業輔導措施；二、透過毛巾產業的在台優勢，在產業轉化與升級上，例如以毛巾美術館為發展目標，進行資料收集及調查，製作人力需求及規劃研究報告。三、建立毛巾產業之在職及失業勞工職涯轉換路徑；四、規劃課程主軸包括「核心技術傳承」、「毛巾成品設計」、「物流通路規劃」、「材料、製程技術研發」。在全球化及兩岸間的經濟交換架構中，必產生相對性之得失。而於勞動就業則應進一步強化建構下列的反應措施：（一）多元津貼補助之建構；（二）持續弱勢勞動族群之關注；（三）建構工資風險保障及緊急防衛機制；（四）衝擊下的勞資關係：協商與治理；（五）延長特定對象的失業給付期限；（六）積極性勞動政策短期方案之推動；（七）強化在地紮根計畫的功能；（八）職務再設計補助；（九）就業促進措施工具與執行的充實；（十）創業協助應提高成功創業機率；（十一）方案成效要追蹤評估。

關鍵字

區域整合 ； 職涯轉換 ； 多元津貼補助 ； 在地紮根計畫

並列摘要

The development of regional economic integration is more extensive trend which constructs the free trade agreement between each countries. In order to push the tariff concessions and gradually relax the regulation of imports of goods and capital investments. The creation of trade and effects of transformation upgrade the national economic welfare. Under the diverse framework of globalization, not only bilateral regionalism or globalization will provide the important of integration and the consultation framework. In the context of globalization, it provides how and why Taiwan by means of consultation framework to catch the mechanisms of economic development. By the literature and interviewing, this research focuses on the development context in the tower industry and tries to understand the promotion of the ECFA which generates the relevant impacts in the tower industry and labor force.

Taiwan faces the impacts of regional integration effects through several measures to complete the weakening of the industry impact of the effect: First, the measures for the towel industry planning customized vocational training mode and employment counseling. We through the advantage of the towel industry in Taiwan industrial transformation and upgrading, such as a towel Art Museum for the development goals, data collection and surveys, the production of manpower needs and planning study report. To establish a towel industry-working and unemployed labor career paths to conversion;, planning courses spindle core technology heritage, the towel product design, logistics path planning, materials, process technology R & D ". In the framework of globalization and cross-strait economic exchange will produce relative gains and losses. Labor and employment should be further strengthen the construction of the following responses: (1) construction of multi-allowance subsidy; (2) the continuing weakness in the labor groups concerned; (3) construction of the wage risk coverage and emergency defense mechanism; (4) impacts of labor relations: consultation and governance; (5) to extend the specific object of the unemployment benefit period; (6) to promote active labor policy of short-term solution; (7) the strengthen of functions in the roots program; (8) job redesign subsidies; (9) the employment promotion measures tools and the implementation of enrichment; (10) entrepreneurial assistances should improve the probability of successful entrepreneurship; (11) programs track the effectiveness of the assessment.

並列關鍵字

Regional Integration ； Career Conversion ； Multiple Allowances and Subsidies ； Rooted in the Ground Plan

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