本文的核心問題在於,當政府體制的行政權與立法權分由不同政黨所掌握時,是否必然導致劍拔弩張的政治態勢,進而使得政策的制定出現僵局,甚至影響行政體系的運作?此外,在政策執行過程中,可能衍生的問題為何?其整體的政治影響又為何?針對這些問題,本文擬探究數項相關議題。首先,針對分立政府與一致政府的概念進行說明,並且嘗試探討分立政府的成因。其次,本文旨在探討分立政府與一致政府對於政策制定、行政與立法體系運作的影響,以及行政對立法之讓步及協商情形各為何?再者,本文經由觀察分析比較分立政府與一致政府的施政與立法之表現,藉以檢證雲林縣政治發展所面臨的相關議題。 本研究以雲林縣為例,探討其政黨輪替前、後之不同政府類型對其立法、施政表現之影響。本研究利用文獻分析法、個案分析法與深度訪談法來進行資料的蒐集與分析,並透過比較論證來達到此研究之目的。 在民主國家中常常會出現分立政府的問題,許多學者認為分立政府與一致政府的運作並沒有明顯差異。然而,也有些學者認為分立政府較於一致政府的運作,易導致行政立法僵局,政策滯塞、無效率與責任不明的缺失。因此,一致政府與分立政府之立法、施政表現是否有差異,便值得深入去探討。
Democratic countries often encounter problems under a divided government, but many scholars believe that no evident differences exist between divided and unified governments. However, some other scholars are of the opinion that, as compared to a unified government, a divided government often leads to legislative deadlock and policy gridlock and is inefficient and irresponsible. Therefore, it is necessary to scrutinize whether unified and divided governments display differing legislative and administrative performances. The core issues examined in this essay are as follows: Will administrative and legislative operations controlled by different political parties definitely lead to a state of political hostility that causes deadlocks in policy formulation and affects the administrative system? What are the possible derivative problems in the process of policy execution? What are overall political influences? By focusing on these questions, this essay aims to scrutinize several related issues. Firstly, it explains the concepts of divided and unified governments and attempts to examine the factors driving the formation of a divided government. Secondly, it discusses the influence of divided and unified governments and the state of concession and consultation of administration towards legislation on the policy-making function, administration, and operations of the legislative system. Furthermore, it examines the issues faced by Yunlin County by observing, analyzing, and comparing the administrative and legislative performances of its divided and unified governments. This study uses Yunlin County as an example to discuss the influences of different government types before and after a shift in the political system on the legislative and administrative systems. It uses the methods of documentary analysis, case study, and in-depth interviews to collect and analyze the data and achieves its aim by comparing conclusive evidence.