家長式領導是華人企業組織中普遍的領導風格,然而,回顧家長式領導對部屬效能關係的實徵研究結果發現跨研究間有不一致的情況。為了去評估家長式領導與部屬效能間真實的關係,本研究藉由後設分析程序探究家長式領導與部屬效能間的關係,分別指出家長式領導的主要效果、仁慈與德行領導效能的相對差異以及家長式三種領導風格間對部屬效能的調節作用;另外,本研究亦針對研究特徵與樣本特徵,探討其可能的潛在調節效果。本研究以2000至2011年83篇時徵研究為研究數據。分析結果發現:一、仁慈領導與部屬效能間的呈現平均正相關。二、威權領導與部屬效能間呈現平均負相關。三、德行領導與部屬效能間的呈現平均正相關。四、仁慈與德行領導效能間具有顯著差異。五、家長式三種領導風格間對部屬效能亦有顯著調節作用。調節分析結果,家長式領導與部屬效能間的關聯會受到不同評量者,長、短版本的家長式領導量表部屬,平均年齡的影響以及研究是否發表。最後,針對研究結果進行討論,並對研究限制、未來研究方向、理論貢獻及管理實務意涵加以闡述。
Paternalistic leadership (PL) is the prevalent leadership style in Chinese business organizations. But, the inconsistent relationship between PL and subordinates’ effectiveness had been found in previous studies. The purpose of this study is estimating the true effects between PL and subordinates’ effectiveness by meta-analysis. Using meta-analysis to investigating the main effect of PL, the relatively efficacy difference between benevolent and moral leadership, the one of element in PL moderating the relationship between others element in PL and subordinates’ effectiveness. And then, this study investigates the moderating effect of the study-level of characteristic and the sample-level of characteristic on relationship between PL and subordinates’ effectiveness. A meta-analysis was used to synthesize the results of 83 independent studies from 2000 to 2011. The major finding are following: 1.The positive correlation between benevolent leadership and subordinates’ effectiveness. 2.The negative correlation between authoritarian leadership and subordinates’ effectiveness. 3. The positive correlation between moral leadership and subordinates’ effectiveness. 4. The significant difference between benevolent and moral efficacy. 5. The one of element in PL significant moderating the relationship between others element in PL and subordinates’ effectiveness. The study-level of characteristic and the sample-level of characteristic, as following: outcomes raters, the length type of PL, the average subordinates’ age and the research published or not, had significant moderated the relationship between PL and subordinates’ effectiveness. Based on the above finding, the research discuss the findings, limitations and future research.