可隨意調控刺激參數之膀胱電流刺激器

Adjustable Parameter Stimulus Circuit For Bladder Micro Stimulator

黃晨岳(Chen Yueh Huang)

指導教授 ： 朱元三 ； 李順裕

國立中正大學/工學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本論文為設計一個應用於植入式膀胱電流刺激器系統的任意製造刺激波形產生器，第一部分為系統中數位電路的設計，電路包含：具有自我偵錯的檢測電路，使得被載入系統的參數資料無誤後，將參數資料寫入暫存器，根據判斷供刺激器讀入使用。第二部分為系統中類比電路的設計，電路包含：Level Shift電路將數位訊號的High提高到3.3V供刺激電路端使用、一片段式電流輸出數位類比轉換器與電流鏡根據刺激參數值來提供一精確電流輸出，刺激電路則具有阻斷電容(Blocking Capacitor)來控制陰極與陽極電流方向以避免對神經造成傷害。
為了達到能夠符合控制膀胱刺激之目的，本刺激器具有兩種不同功能的刺激：(1)Charge imbalanced stimulus with interphase delay。(2)Burst Stimulus。皆具有可調控的1.5~47.66Hz的刺激頻段、21~325μs的刺激波寬與0~510μA的雙向刺激電流大小。藉由不同的頻段刺激，可對神經產生抑制與興奮的效果進而控制膀胱收放。
而本論文晶片採用 TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS標準製成實現晶片，整體電路面積大小為1.088mm2。消耗功率為36μW。而量測結果說明此刺激器可以產生出符合控制會陰神經的刺激波，進而控制膀胱儲存與排放尿液的功用。適用於植入式膀胱刺激器使用。

關鍵字

膀胱功能障礙 ； 脊髓損傷 ； 電刺激器

並列摘要

In this thesis, an adjustable stimulus circuit is designed for bladder micro stimulator system. This work is composed of digital part and analog part. The digital part includes self-detection circuit making the parameter data is correct. If correct, the parameter data will write into register for stimulator system using. The analog part contains: level shift circuit to transfer digital signal ‘high’ from 1.8 to 3.3 voltages for stimulation end use, segmented digital to analog converter (DAC) and current mirror are based on parameter data value to provide accurate current for stimulation end circuit, the stimulation end circuit with blocking capacitor can control the direction of the cathode and the anode current without nerve damage.
In order to achieve bladder stimulation purposes. Stimulations of the stimulus have two different functions: ‘Charge imbalanced with interphase delay’ and ‘Burst’. Both stimulation are adjustable, they can produce 1.5 to 47.66Hz frequency stimulus rate, 21 to 325μs pulse width and 0 to 510μA bidirectional current amplitude. By the different frequency stimulation, the nerve inhibition and excitation can be produced.
In thesis, TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS process was used to implement the integrated circuit. The total chip area is 1.088 mm2. Power consumption is 36 μW. The Measurement results show that this stimulus can generate a control pudendal nerve stimulation wave, and then control the function of the bladder urine storage and voiding function. Applicable to implantable bladder stimulator used.

並列關鍵字

Spinal Cord Injury ； Electrical Stimulation ； Bladder dysfunction

參考文獻

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[3] B. J. Wenzel, J. W. Boggs, K. J. Gustafson, and W. M. Grill, "Detecting the onset of hyper-reflexive bladder contractions from the electrical activity of the pudendal nerve," IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng, vol. 13, pp. 428-35, Sep 2005.

[4] P. B. Yoo, E. E. Horvath, C. L. Amundsen, G. D. Webster, and W. M. Grill, "Multiple pudendal sensory pathways reflexly modulate bladder and urethral activity in patients with spinal cord injury," J Urol, vol. 185, pp. 737-43, Feb 2011.

[5] P. B. Yoo, J. P. Woock, and W. M. Grill, "Bladder activation by selective stimulation of pudendal nerve afferents in the cat," Exp Neurol, vol. 212, pp. 218-25, Jul 2008.

[6] A. E. Snellings and W. M. Grill, "Effects of stimulation site and stimulation parameters on bladder inhibition by electrical nerve stimulation," BJU Int, vol. 110, pp. 136-43, Jul 2012.