酵母菌之基因層次代謝網路的最佳基因剔除

隨著油價屢創歷史新高、氣候異常突顯二氧化碳等溫室氣體以及其他大環境因素極需減量改善，以生質(Biomass) 原料替代石化原料已成為化學工業永續發展的新出路。然而乙醇(Ethanol)在日常生活、燃料工業或醫療保健上都是不可或缺的物質。其易燃且燃燒效率佳的性質，常用於燃料工業中，就目前來說，乙醇可代替部分汽油作燃料，是一種再生能源。為求能夠生產大量乙醇並且減緩溫室效應成長，本研究以酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 代謝網路模型iND750模擬單基質乙醇發酵最佳化來找出最適合被剔除的基因。傳統以酵母菌製造酒精會產生大量二氧化碳，發酵過程大致可分兩階段，先在有氧情況下大量產生菌體，然後在微氧情況下大量產生乙醇。而在微氧發酵進行時，會產生大量乙醇及二氧化碳，為求達到減碳效益，因此我們採用生產乙醇最大化並同時最小化二氧化碳分泌為目標，利用系統生物學概念並運用最佳化軟體工具模擬，找出可行性高的剔除基因YHR037W，使其能不影響菌體生長情況下，降低數倍二氧化碳的分泌並同時提高乙醇的生產能力。

關鍵字

二氧化碳；乙醇；酵母菌；代謝網路

並列摘要

With petroleum prices getting higher and the climate anomalies highlights the need for reducing carbon dioxide for energy support. In our study, we use yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) metabolic network model iND750 to simulate fermentation and identify the most suitable genes to knockout for increase the amounts of alcohol and decrease the impact of ecological environment. We maximize the production of ethanol and minimize the secretion of carbon dioxide as the target. And then we use the concept of system biology, FBA-based methods and optimization software tools to simulate the most suitable knockout-genes YHR037W so that the yeast can reducing half of carbon dioxide secretion and increasing more than ten times of the ethanol production capacity.

並列關鍵字

carbon dioxide ； ethanol ； yeast ； metabolic networks

參考文獻

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[6] B. Ortiz-Muniz, O. Carvajal-Zarrabal, B. Aguilar, and M. G. Aguilar-Uscanga, "Improvement in ethanol production using respiratory deficient phenotype of a wild type yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ITV-01," Renewable Energy, vol. 37, pp. 197-201, Jan 2012.

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酵母菌之基因層次代謝網路的最佳基因剔除

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