應用於多種輸入能量採集具有自動化可調增益之數位控制穩壓器

A Digital Controlled Self-Sustaining Regulator with Automatically Tunable Pumping Gain for Multiple-Input Energy Harvesting

宋柏翰(Bo-Han Song)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗亨

國立中正大學/工學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本篇論文完成一應用於兩種輸入能量採集之可適性穩壓器，而能量源分別為太陽能與高頻無線射頻辨識(HF RFID)。經由模擬後，起初可在太陽能輸入下將穩壓器啟動，而使用可適性電荷幫浦和數位控制升壓型直流轉直流轉換器將輸出電壓升高至1V供後端負載電路做為供應電源使用。傳統電荷幫浦式電路，大多用MOSFET以二極體方式當作傳輸元件，其特性易受門限電壓(Threshold voltage)與反向電荷分享(Reverse charge sharing)的影響，故較不適合操作於能量採集低電壓之應用。因此，本論文提出之可適性電荷幫浦電路不僅透過動態電荷轉換開關(Dynamic charge transfer switch, DCTS)克服電晶體於電壓轉換上非理想效應影響。根據不同能量採集輸入電壓大小，搭配可適性負回授控制電路自動地調整轉換因子。此方式相較於常見其他控制器，電路複雜度、輸出漣波降低許多以及減少被動元件數目，卻能達到相同升壓效果。最後，本論文使用台灣積體電路公司 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS混和訊號製程，以48S/B封裝，尺寸為1.538×1.368mm2。

關鍵字

穩壓器 ； 能量採集

並列摘要

This thesis completes a self-sustaining regulator for two input energy harvesting, and the harvester source are solar and high frequency radio-frequency identification (HF RFID). After simulation, we utilize the self-sustaining charge pump and digitally controlled boost dc-dc converter to further provide a 1V output voltage as the supply voltage for loading circuit under solar input voltage. In original, tradition charge pump transfer charge by diode-configured MOSFET. Threshold voltage of MOSFET and reverse charge sharing easily affected the performances, and the method could not be applied in energy harvesting low-voltage applications. Therefore, the novel self-sustaining charge pump circuit proposed in this thesis can utilize dynamic charge transfer switch (DTCS) to eliminate non-ideal problems. With different energy harvester input voltage values, self-sustaining negative feedback controller automatically adjusts conversion factor. Compared with the other controller, complexity and output ripple of the circuit are both lower than other case, and the circuit reduces the number of passive components, but the function is the same. Finally, the chip was implemented by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS mixed-signal polycide process, and the die area of the proposed chip is 1.538×1.368mm2.

並列關鍵字

Energy Harvesting ； Regulator

參考文獻

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