應用多重代理人於人車在道路上的衝突行為之模擬與研究

A Multiagent Approach to Simulating Pedestrian-Vehicle Conflicts on a Street

游昌翰(Chang-Han Yu)

指導教授 ： 劉立頌

國立中正大學/工學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

人車在道路上的衝突區域包含所有其共同使用的空間，其中行人穿越道是最常見的一個衝突區域。在衝突區域中，人與車為了優先通過而會發生互相爭奪用路權的衝突行為。本研究設計一附設行人穿越道與交通號誌燈的道路，並模擬人車與交通號誌燈之間的互動情況，呈現衝突區域的人車行為。然而行人與車輛在不同環境中的行為較為複雜，包含與交通號誌燈的互動、行人與車輛間的互動、行人間以及車輛間的互動。如要模擬前述多種變化的個別互動，傳統程序式程式開發會有困難，且難以表現多樣化的人車，然而在多重代理人系統中的代理人卻可表現各種不同個性的人車，使其個別進行互動完成目標。本研究利用過去學者所觀察的實際現象與提出的數學模型與理論，模擬行人與車輛較細部的行為與變化。此系統以多重代理人為基礎，分別建立模擬人與車的代理人模型，且透過代理人的特性自主觀察交通號誌燈與周遭資訊，並能與其他代理人進行溝通以安全通過衝突區域到達終點。本研究開發了一個基於代理人的模擬系統，給予行人與車輛代理人不同參數造成行為及特性的多樣化，測試所提出的行人與車輛代理人模型，並透過觀察代理人的移動，比較不同交通號誌燈的控制方式對人車所造成的影響。

關鍵字

交通號誌燈 ； 車輛模擬 ； 行人模擬 ； 衝突行為 ； 多重代理人

並列摘要

The space that pedestrians and vehicles use together in a street can be considered as a conflict region, and street crossing is the most common events occurring at such region. There are many different kinds of interactions among and between pedestrians and vehicles before and during street crossing. The behavior of pedestrian and vehicle is very complex in different situation and it includes interaction among traffic lights, pedestrians, and vehicles. In order to observe such dynamic interactions, a procedural system development method is not sufficient, but agent interaction in a multiagent system in turn looks suitable and natural to represent different pedestrians and vehicles. By using agents, we design a road which has traffic light and is able to show pedestrian-vehicle behavior in conflict regions by simulating interaction between pedestrian-vehicle and traffic light. We use real statistics and mathematical models that researchers had observed and proposed to simulate subtle behavior of pedestrian and vehicle. We establish an agent model of pedestrian and vehicle respectively in which each agent can observe the traffic light and nearby environment autonomously and communicate with other agents for crossing conflict regions safely. We have developed an agent-based simulation system for testing our agent model. The agents have various behavior and property by giving different parameters. Finally, the system show the result of the effect a traffic light provides to pedestrians and vehicles by comparing different controlling strategies of traffic light.

並列關鍵字

vehicle simulation ； pedestrian simulation ； pedestrian-vehicle Conflicts ； multi-agent ； traffic light

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