以DSP實現IEC 61000-4-15電壓閃爍分析儀

由於電力系統中具有快速變動的負載造成了電壓閃爍，而電壓閃爍不但會造成電子儀器設備功能失常，更會影響照明燈具輸出的穩定度，燈光閃爍會造成視覺干擾、視覺疲勞甚至傷害視力。雖然台灣現行的管制標準是採用指標，不過為因應世界性發展的趨勢，實有深入研究IEC規範所定 Pst 與 Plt 指標之必要，並發展相對應符合該規範之電壓閃爍分析儀表。相較於傳統台灣沿用的指標，IEC所定之 Pst 與 Plt因為採用統計方法來評估電壓閃爍嚴重程度，因此在閃爍之評估上較為客觀，也因而在近年來廣為各先進國家所採用。 IEC 電壓閃爍規範61000-4-15係以模擬視覺對光線變化之反應，評估閃爍的嚴重程度，對電壓閃爍分析儀之設計涵蓋了多項功能方塊以模擬人眼對燈光閃爍以及產生之腦部響應，其演算法涵蓋白熾燈發光物理特性、視覺對燈光閃爍之敏感度以及視覺暫留等生理效應之模擬，能完整表達出燈光、視覺的響應，並結合信號調變、解調、以及統計處理輸出電壓閃爍之短期與長期閃爍指標。本論文的貢獻包括（1）針對IEC-61000-4-15所提出之設計準則研擬電壓閃爍分析儀，以MATLAB/Simulink與Code Composer Studio實現電壓閃爍分析儀於DSP,（2）所開發之電壓閃爍分析儀亦將依據標準之測試程序進行實際量測。

關鍵字

閃爍分析儀；電壓波動；電力品質； IEC規範 61000-4-15

並列摘要

Voltage fluctuation can be regarded as the primary cause of flicker and is the time variation of the reactive power component of fluctuating loads. Such loads typically include, for example, arc furnaces, rolling mill drives, and welders. Moreover, flicker may result in the luminance variations of lamps, which can cause uncomfortable and irritative perception or even give rise to vision problems. Many countries have established or adopted the regulation standards to limit the flicker levels. Currently, IEC flickermeter standard is the one used most widely. However, is utilized in Taiwan to evaluate the flicker. With the global trend, the implementation of IEC standard is necessary and is with indices of Pst and Plt that are calculated based on statistical analysis to estimate the flicker severity. IEC Standard 61000-4-15 gives functional and design specifications for a flickermeter which is the simulation process based on the response of human’s visual perception to the fluctuation of light. The simulation process, which includes square multiplier, band-pass filter, weighting filter, first-order smoothing filter and statistic calculation of instantaneous flicker level curve (IFL), can effectively estimates Pst value to assess the severity of voltage flicker. In order to verify the digital measurement scheme of IEC 61000-4-15, a DSP-based digital flickermeter is developed. According to the functions and design criteria suggested by IEC, an analog model of the flickermeter is developed and simulated with MATLAB, Simulink, and Code Composer Studio. Finally, the developed flickermeter will be applied to perform actual measurement based on IEC Standard 61000-4-15 test procedures to validate its usefulness.

並列關鍵字

flickermeter ； voltage fluctuation ； power quality ； IEC Standard 61000-4-15

參考文獻

[1] Y. C. Cheng, “Investigation of IEC Voltage Flicker meter,” M.S. Thesis, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, 2007.

[3] L. W. White and S. Bhattacharya, “A Discrete Matlab–Simulink Flickermeter Model for Power Quality Studies,” IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 59, No. 4, Mar. 2010, pp. 527-533.

[4] T. Keppler, N. Watson, and J. Arrillaga, “Computation of the Short-Term Flicker Severity Index,” IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 15, Issue 4, Oct. 2000, pp. 1110-1115.

[5] IEEE recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in electrical power systems, IEEE Std. 519, 1992.

[7] G. W. Chang, C. I Chen, and Y. L. Huang, “Evaluation of Voltage Flicker Estimation Methods,” Proceeding of the 28th Symposium on Electric Power Engineering, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Dec. 2007.

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以DSP實現IEC 61000-4-15電壓閃爍分析儀

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