陳千武詩作中的台灣意象研究

A Study on the Imagery of Taiwan in Chen Qian-Wu’s Poetry

吳正芬(Zheng-Fen Wu)

指導教授 ： 江寶釵

國立中正大學/文學院/台灣文學與創意應用研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

美麗之島「台灣」，讓航海探險者贊歎，也讓移民者充滿期盼；卻因地理位置特殊，成為兵家必爭之地，而形成複雜的政治歷史。然而，也因此造就了多族群共構的多元文化，並且形成文藝作家創作的巨大主題與寬廣的創作題材。在文學創作的領域裡，台灣時空所蘊涵巨大主題的呈現，正可表現獨特的台灣性格。

1920年代，台灣新文學運動發起，新文學誕生。以自由詩體創作的現代詩，取代傳統著重音韻格律的古典詩，在台灣文學花園裡綻放盛開。而作家陳千武（1922~2012）誕生的年代，正值新文學運動崛起期；從1939年開始創作現代詩，到跨世紀初，寫作時間超過一甲子，完成四百多首詩作；其現代詩作品為隨著歷史洪流激盪起伏巨大多變的台灣時空，留下珍貴紀錄與文學成果。

本論文以「台灣意象」為研究主題焦點，看台灣現代詩人陳千武如何藉由詩歌創作呈現台灣意象。研究主軸有二，首先借賞析陳千武詩作，看現代詩人如何以文字語言為畫筆，呈現台灣風情與樣貌；其次，探視詩人心裡圖像，透析其「台灣意象」如何展現台灣本土作家現代詩的藝術美學。

研究結果顯示，陳千武詩作中「台灣意象」的主題與內容，寬廣豐富。其詩作中「台灣意象」所呈現的兩大主題，「台灣地景意象」與「台灣文化意象」，涵蓋地景或空間的「都市景觀」、「小鎮景色」、「街路巷景」、「自然風色」，以及文化的、「風土民情」、「宗教習慣」、「歷史與政治」等內容，而共構成其現代詩文學的「台灣人文地景意象」。詩作中所呈現的台灣意象，不僅是令人贊美的景與物，而是台灣歷經殖民與威權統治的苦難與反抗意識，更是台灣追求民主的奮鬥。其詩的創作技巧靈活富彈性，不受限於詩體類別，總是營造多彩多姿的意象，呈現台灣特性，並展現台灣的鄉土性、民族性、時代性等台灣現代詩美學藝術。陳千武現代詩作品，是台灣文學重要成果，更為台灣走過的歲月留下印記，可作為良好教材。相信本論文研究結果，能裨益台灣文學與文化相關研究。

關鍵字

陳千武

並列摘要

Formosa, Taiwan, has been praised by adventurers and much expectedly by immigrants. Due to its specific location, Taiwan became a battleground, creating a complicated political history that resulted in multiethnic cultures. The themes and topics surrounding Taiwanese cultures and history have inspired artists and writers to present the specific characters of Taiwan in their works.

In the 1920s, Taiwan’s new literary movement began. Modern free-verse poetry replaced classical metric poetry and became prominent in Taiwanese literature. Chen Qian-Wu (1922~2012) was born in the age that coincided with the new literary movement. He started writing in 1939, and after 60 decades, he had completed more than 400 works that provided literary achievements and valuable records about the evolving landscape and history of Taiwan.

Focusing on “the imagery of Taiwan”, this thesis discusses how Chen Qian-Wu presented Taiwanese imagery in his poems. The purpose of this research is to penetrate how the local poet used imagery to portrait Taiwan in his poems and to analyze his literary art in composing modern poetry.

The results show that the topics and contents in Chen Qian-Wu’s poetry are broad and abundant. The imagery in his poems includes Taiwan’s landscape imagery (cityscape, road and alley, nature and country scenery) and cultural imagery (people and customs, religions, history and politics). In his poems, the imagery exists not only in the pictures of beautiful scenery but also in the paintings depicting how Taiwanese people suffered from colonial and authoritarian rule, their resistance, and how they struggled for democracy. With the use of colorful imagery, Chen Qian-Wu completed creative and flexible free verse representing the aesthetic art of contemporary poetry in Taiwan. His poetry is an important achievement in Taiwanese literature. Since his works left behind historical records through past years, it can be also used as teaching materials. The findings of this thesis will be a great benefit to the studies on Taiwanese literature and cultures.

並列關鍵字

Chen Qian-Wu

參考文獻

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周伯乃，《現代詩的欣賞》（台北：三民，1985）。

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彭瑞金，《文學評論百問》（台北：聯合文學，1998。）