以太陽光 (Solar )/ 二氧化鈦光催染整廢 二氧化鈦光催染整廢水

Study on the Treatment of Dyeing Wastewater by Solar/TiO2 Photocatalytic Process

洪瀚邦(Hang Bon Hung)

指導教授 ： 陳建易

國立中正大學/理學院/地球與環境科學系應用地球物理與環境科學研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究主要採集嘉義太保工業區某染整工廠廢水，進行光催化廢水處理實驗，通常染整廢水都具有高色度、高化學需氧量(COD)及生物難分解有機物特性，使用傳統汙水處理程序皆無法有效符合放流水標準，為了提高汙水處裡效率及節省處理成本，以二氧化鈦作為觸媒，進行染整廢水處理之研究。
二氧化鈦具有化學性質穩定、高光學活性、無毒以及成本低廉等優點，二氧化鈦以三種晶相型態存在，分別為銳鈦礦相(Anatase)、金紅石相(Rutile)和板鈦礦相(Brookite)，其中以銳鈦礦相有較佳的光催化活性最常被使用[高濂，2004]，而所自製二氧化鈦經XRD分析晶型為銳鈦礦相與金紅石相。本研究以溶膠-凝膠法自製二氧化鈦，其利用紫外線及可見光吸收光譜法量測，自製二氧化鈦的光波長大於商業型二氧化鈦 (Degussa P-25)，更利於光催化上使用。將二氧化鈦利用浸漬(dip coating)方式，附著於玻璃載體上(寬2公分、長7公分)，之後將載體浸泡於二氧化鈦溶液中，經400℃鍛燒一小時後，即得二氧化鈦玻璃載體。將二氧化鈦玻璃載體放入亞甲基藍溶液(10 ppm)進行光催化實驗，結果發現可順利處理甲基藍色度，之後則進行亞甲基藍循環實驗及連續實驗。
將染整廢水實際進行光催化實驗，結果發現可改善廢水其色度，使原為深褐色的廢水變化成近透明無色，在色度上有明顯的變化。但在化學溶氧量(COD)與總有機碳(TOC)去除效果不佳，為了改善此結果，將Pseudomomas pituda 菌種放入與其一起進行光催化實驗，並分析光催化後COD及TOC值。本研究以二氧化鈦光催化降解染整廢水，其COD與TOC去除率分別為41%及50%，處理效果不佳，所以將微生物和二氧化鈦結合之處理技術，並分成兩組進行光催化，分別為單以細菌處理及細菌與二氧化鈦同時處理，發現單以細菌光催化處理廢水的COD與TOC去除率可達80%以上；而以細菌與二氧化鈦同時進行光催化處理去除率TOC為80%以上，COD去除率不佳約在30%。由此結果可知單以細菌光催化效果為最佳。

關鍵字

二氧化鈦

並列摘要

Dye industries effluent large amount of waste that are harmful/toxic to both aquatic and human beings. Hence treatment of water and conversion to lesser toxic inorganic substances or complete mineralization of waste water is often desired. In the present study Chiayi Industrial Area dye factory wastewater was used for waste water treatment. This dye may comprise of mixture of several dyes and have several functionalities such as Azo, Anthraquinone, Indigoid, Quinonimine etc.
TiO2 is widely used semiconductor photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutant. Titanium dioxide is chemically stable, inexpensive, high-optically active; TiO2 exist in three crystalline phases Anatase, Rutile and Brookite phase. Anatase phase has better photocatalytic activity of the most commonly used [Gao Lian, 2004]. The use of bacteria to degrade organic pollutant under ambient conditions is also an environmentally cleaner pathways of waste water treatment.
In this study both TiO2 and bacteria (Pseudomomas pituda) were utilized for the waste water treatment under sunlight irradiation. TiO2 was prepared by the sol-gel method which exhibited better efficiency than the commercial TiO2. The progress in the degradation of waste water was obtained from COD (chemical oxygen demand) and TOC (total organic carbon) studies. The results indicated that bacteria exhibited excellent performance in the degradation of waste water. The original dark brown color changed to nearly colorless on treatment. Titanium dioxide photocatalytic degradation of dyeing wastewater, the COD and TOC removal rates were 40% and 50%, poor treatment effect, so the combination of bacteria and titanium dioxide processing technology, and is divided into two groups photocatalysis, respectively single bacteria and bacterial mix with titanium dioxide treatment at the same time, the bacteria found alone photocatalytic wastewater treatment COD and TOC removal rate of more than 80%; while in bacteria and titanium dioxide photocatalytic treatment for TOC removal more than 80%, COD removal of about 30%. This result proved that only bacterial photocatalytic effect is the best.

並列關鍵字

Photocatalytic

參考文獻

林榮良(2002)，TiO2光催化原理和應用例子 (THE CHINESE. SOC., TAIPEI)， 第60卷，第3期，457~461頁。

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江佳玲、張鎮南、黃柯倫(2007)，探討臭氧結合紫外光反應去除腐殖酸之降解情形，東海科學學報，第九卷，15-28頁。

鄭智鴻(2006)，量身訂做的二氧化鈦光觸媒之合成及應用，國立成功大學環境工程所碩士班碩士論文。

蔡明穎(2012)，以UV/TiO2光催化處理實場染整廢水之可行性研究，國立中興大學環境工程所碩士班碩士論文。