陽極封閉式質子交換膜燃料電池能源效率最佳化之氣體管理策略

質子交換膜燃料電池具有啟動快、能量密度高、操作溫度低、低汙染等特點，為了要提高燃料電池的燃料使用率，在實用上，會在陽極出口端加裝一常閉式電磁閥而成為陽極封閉式。當陽極出口封閉時，陰極的氮氣會擴散至陽極並且累積在陽極流道中，造成電池的性能下降。此時，可藉由開啟電磁閥將內部累積的氮氣排出，使電池性能回升。若電磁閥開啟時間過長，會造成過多氫氣浪費；開啟時間太短，造成殘餘雜質累積過多，而使電池性能無法完全回升。為了探討最佳化效率之電磁閥開啟時間，本研究建立一數學模型來探討電磁閥開啟時間對效率之影響。此外，我們建立實驗平台量測電池性質，並利用氣體質量流量計量測氫氣的使用率。其結果顯示，模型與實驗最佳化開啟時間相符合且最佳開放時間約為0.2秒。因此本研究結果有助於開發燃料電池最佳化之氣體管理開發策略。

關鍵字

最佳化；陽極；封閉；質子交換膜燃料電池；排出；效率

並列摘要

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have the advantages of quick start, high energy density, low operation temperature, and low pollution. In order to increase the fuel utilization of the fuel cell, the outlet of the anode is connected with a solenoid valve as a dead-ended mode. When the fuel cell is operated in a dead-ended anode mode, nitrogen will diffuse from the cathode to the anode and accumulate in the anode channel, causing performance drop. The performance can be recovered by opening the solenoid valve, purging impurity out of the anode channel. A long purge time wastes unused hydrogen, whereas a short purge time results in incomplete performance recovery.In order to investigate the purge time to optimize energy efficiency, we develop a dynamic mathematical model to study the effect of purge time on the performance of the fuel cell. In addition, we conduct experiments to measure cell performance and hydrogen consumption. The results show the optimal purge time estimated by the model matches with experimental data and is approximately 0.2 s for the fuel cell used in this study. This study helps develop a gas management strategy to optimize energy efficiency of a fuel cell.

並列關鍵字

anode ； dead-ended ； proton exchange membrane fuel cell ； optimal ； purge ； efficiency

參考文獻

[1] A. Dicks and J. Larminie, “Fuel Cell Systems Explained,” 2 ed. Wiley, 2003.

[2] J.-J. Hwang, “Effect of hydrogen delivery schemes on fuel cell efficiency,” J. Power Sources, vol. 239, pp. 54–63, Oct. 2013.

[3] O. Himanen, T. Hottinen, and S. Tuurala, “Operation of a planar free-breathing PEMFC in a dead-end mode,” Electrochem. commun., vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 891–894, May 2007.

[4] J. Gou, P. Pei, and Y. Wang, “The dynamic behavior of pressure during purge process in the anode of a PEM fuel cell,” J. Power Sources, vol. 162, no. 2, pp. 1104–1114, Nov. 2006.

[5] X. Yu, M. Pingwen, H. Ming, Y. Baolian, and Z.-G. Shao, “The critical pressure drop for the purge process in the anode of a fuel cell,” J. Power Sources, vol. 188, no. 1, pp. 163–169, Mar. 2009.

國際替代計量

陽極封閉式質子交換膜燃料電池能源效率最佳化之氣體管理策略

未授權

主題瀏覽