友誼品質預測學業成就表現之追蹤研究

A Follow-up Research on the Predictability of the Friendship Quality to Academic Achievement

劉修豪(Hsiu-Hao Liu)

指導教授 ： 黃世琤

國立中正大學/社會科學院/心理學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討臺灣地區學齡兒童及青少年之友誼品質對學業成就之預測力。本研究首先編製友誼品質量表中文版，根據黃世琤(2008)收集1605名兒童與青少年之資料，經分析篩選得「友誼品質量表─中文修訂版」，共35題，分為「忠實與問題解決」、「合作和分享樂趣」、「確認和關心」、「親密交換」、「衝突和背叛」及「陪伴和支持」等六個分量表，可解釋的總變異量為44.72%。本研究之研究工具為友誼品質量表中文修訂版、國語能力測驗(吳武典、張正芬，1984)和柯氏國民小學數學科成就測驗(柯平順、林敏慧，1994)。參與者為一、三、四、六和七年級之學童共345位(男45.5%、女54.5% )，完成間隔六個月之兩次施測。本研究接著分析友誼品質之年級與性別差異、並進行相關分析，以及逐步迴歸分析。而後採用階層迴歸分析檢驗友誼品質對六個月後之學業成就的預測力，其中以年級及性別為第一階層，以第二次測驗之友誼品質分數為第二階層，以第一次測驗之友誼品質分數為第三階層進行分析。結果發現參與者的國語字形義辨別在年級及第二階層之確認和關心、衝突和背叛達顯著；第一次測驗之確認和關心、衝突和背叛對國語字形義辨別有顯著預測力。國語注音在年級上及第二階層之確認和關心、衝突和背叛、陪伴和支持達顯著；第一次測驗之忠實與問題解決、確認和關心、衝突和背叛對國語注音有顯著預測力。數學成績在年級上及第二階層達顯著；第一次測驗之衝突和背叛對數學成績有顯著預測力。研究結果顯示，友誼品質中的確認和關心對國語字形義辨別及國語注音有顯著的預測力；忠實與問題解決對國語注音有顯著的預測力；衝突和背叛對國語字形義辨別、國語注音及數學成績有顯著的預測力。

關鍵字

學業成就 ； 青少年 ； 兒童 ； 友誼品質

並列摘要

The purpose of this study investigated the predictability of friendship quality to academic performance of children and adolescents. First, 1605 children and adolescents were measured (Huang, 2008) on the Chinese version of the Friendship Quality Questionnaire (FQQ). After analysis, the revised Chinese version of the FQQ contained 35 items in six-factor construct with 44.72% explained variance. The six factors were Loyalty and Problem Solving, Cooperation and Sharing, Validation and Caring, Intimate Exchange, Conflict and Betrayal, and Companionship and Support. The revised Chinese version of the FQQ is established to measure the friendship quality of children of children and adolescents. Then, 345 students of the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 6th, and 7th grades were recruited and participated. They completed the revised Chinese version of the FQQ, Chinese Language Proficiency Test (Wu & Chang, 1984), and the Ko’s Elementary School Mathematics Achievement Test (Ko & Lin, 1994) twice in a six months interval. Then, the present study investigated grade and gender differences of friendship quality, and used correlation analysis and regression analysis to analysed data. Finally, the present study used hierarchical regression analysis to test the predictability of friendship quality to academic performance, with grade and gender for the first class, with the second test of friendship quality score for the second class, and with the first test of friendship quality score for the third class. The results of hierarchical analysis suggested that, for Chinese word meaning, a significant effect of grade, and effects of two subscales of the friendship quality including Validation and Caring, and Conflict and Betrayal in the second measures, and significant effects of Validation and Caring, and Conflict and Betrayal in the first measures. For Chinese phonics, a significant effects of grade and significant effects of Validation and Caring, Conflict and Betrayal, and Companionship and Support in the second measures, and significant effects of Loyalty and Problem Solving, Validation and Caring, and Conflict and Betrayal in the first measures. Finally, for the mathematics, a significant effect of grade and a significant effect of Conflict and Betrayal at the first measures were found.The results of this study suggested that, Validation and Caring of the friendship quality could predict Chinese word meaning, and Chinese phonics effectively. Loyalty and Problem Solving of the friendship quality could predict Chinese phonics effectively. Conflict and Betrayal of the friendship quality could predict Chinese word meaning, Chinese phonics, and mathematics effectively.

並列關鍵字

Friendship Quality ； Children ； Academic Performance

參考文獻

何緯山、陳志賢、連廷嘉(2011)。新移民家庭子女自我概念、學業表現與生活適應之相關研究。大仁學報，38，49-67。

陳宜伶、陳淑美(2011)。新移民子女高學業成就個案研究。學校行政雙月刊，76，89-109。

中文部分

王煥琛、柯華葳(1999)。青少年心理學。臺北市：心理。

田錄梅、陳光輝、王姝瓊、劉海嬌、張文新(2012)。父母支持、友誼支持對早中期青少年孤獨感和抑鬱的影響。心理學報，44(7)，944-956。