極低耗電的土石流感測器

An Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Sensor for Monitoring of Debris Flows

詹登傑(Teng-Chieh Chan)

指導教授 ： 李皇辰

國立中正大學/工學院/通訊工程學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

當土石流發生時，高濃度的泥石沿著河流沖刷而下，往往威脅沿岸居民的生命與財產，密切監測與提前預警可以降低損失與傷害。傳統的土石流感測器，例如鋼索、地聲計，被安裝固定在河道上，難以得到移動中土石流的相關資料。先前的研究已經提出一套偵測移動中土石流的感測器，但最主要的問題是耗電量過高，電池電量無法供應系統長時間的運作，一段時間過後必須由人力方式進入河道更換電池，或者需要再額外設計供電系統，例如太陽能供電。基於上述原因，本論文提出一套新的極低耗電土石流感測器。我們設計新硬體與低耗電運作方式，使電池續航力大量增加，提升此系統在戶外運作的可行性。

關鍵字

無線感測網路 ； 節能 ； 災害監測 ； 土石流 ； 無線感測器

並列摘要

When the debris flow occurs, the high concentration of solid mixture washing down will threaten the lives and property of the residents living alone the river. Close monitoring and early warning can reduce the losses and damage. In the previous study a wireless sensor INSIDER was proposed, which can move along with the debris flow to detect and measure the parameters in situ. The main issue is that its power consumption is still high, so that the battery cannot supply a long-term operation. After a period of time, it needs to replace the battery in the riverbed or design the second power supply such as solar battery. Based on the above reasons, this study presents a new generation ultra-low-power wireless sensor, SMARTCONE, for monitoring debris flow.

並列關鍵字

wireless sensor network ； energy saving ； disaster monitoring ； debris flow ； wireless sensors

參考文獻

[2] Y.-M. Huang, W.-C. Chen, Y.-M. Fang, B.-J. Lee, T.-Y. Chou and H.-Y. Yin, “Debris Flow Monitoring – A Case Study of Shenmu Area in Taiwan,” Disaster Advances, vol. 6(11), Nov. 2013.

[3] Y.-M. Fang, B.-J. Lee, T.-Y. Chou, K.-F. Chang, H.-P. Lien, Y.-I. Lin, J.-C. Lien and H.-Y. Yin, “Analysis of Debris Flow Underground Sound by Wavelet Transform – A Case Study of Events in Aiyuzih River,” Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 39(1), pp.27-44, 2008.

[4] A. Corsini, F. Bonacini, M. Mulas, F. Ronchetti, A. Monni, S. Pignone, S. Primerano, G. Bertolini, G. Caputo, G. Truffelli, A. Benini, and Berti, “A portable continuous GPS array used as rapid deployment monitoring system during landslide emergencies in Emilia Romagna,” Rend. Online Soc. Geol. It., vol. 35 pp. 89-91, 2015.

[5] S. Cardellini and P. Osimani, “The Ancona Early Warning Centre, Instrumentation and Continuous Monitoring of the Landslides,” In. Margottini C., Landslide Science and Practice, vol. 2, pp. 57-65, 2013.

[8] R. Xiao, X. He, L. Li , “Continuous monitoring of landslide and atmospheric water vapour using GPS: applications in Pubugou hydropower resettlement zone,” China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC) 2012 Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, pp. 305–313.