- 學位論文
動態行為模式訊號擷取之微都卜勒雷達設計
Design of Micro-Doppler System for Dynamic Motion Feature Extraction
摘要
本論文設計一動態行為模式之微都卜勒雷達系統，此微都卜勒雷達目前應用於人體之行為模式偵測，透過二維4×4陣列天線所產生之16個波束映射於人體各個部位，藉此可以得到各個部位進行行為時之微都卜勒頻率飄移、徑向速度及擺動位移量等，希望所獲得之動態行為資訊可以提供醫療上的幫助，例如運動員之姿勢調整或復健者之動作觀察，透過行為模式的觀察來修改姿勢、提升復健的效率，又亦可利用所獲得之資訊控制機器人來進行救災。 本系統利用一壓控振盪器產生一連續波訊號，透過號角天線發射訊號，訊號經由待測物/人體反射後，透過二維波束陣列所映射在人體之波束進行接收，訊號經由濾波器(Filter)、低雜訊放大器(LNA)、8組巴特勒矩陣進行相位分佈後，將各個波束分配至各個正交調解器(IQ Mixer)降至基頻，饋至電腦端數據擷取卡(DAQ)，利用LabVIEW進行訊號調整、比較、並得到微都卜勒頻率飄移、徑向速度及擺動位移量等。 本實驗初期先以一單波束連續波微都卜勒雷達作為量測系統，並以一線性馬達掛載一金屬板作為量測目標，藉由量測線性馬達所產生之週期性擺動視為微都卜勒訊號來源來進行微都卜勒演算法之撰寫，緊接著再利用二維4×4陣列天線作為接收機，將各個波束所映射之位置進行線性馬達量測，最後再進行人體單部位行為模式量測，經實驗結果可以得知此系統可以判斷單部位行為時的位置及其微都卜勒等相關資訊。
關鍵字
微都卜勒並列摘要
This research designed a micro-doppler radar system for dynamic motion feature extraction which is applied to human motion detection. A 4×4 antenna array associated with a multi-channel receiver generates 16 beams to map individual areas of human body so that the motion from different body part can be distinguished. The system generates the continuous wave from voltage-control oscillator, and a horn antenna is used to emit waves. The reflected signals from human body will be received by a 4×4 antenna array. The received signals are distributed by 8-way Butler matrix, and then down-converted and digitized through the data acquisition card. To further analyze the signal, a Labview program is developed to perform RSFT calculation. In the early phase, the metal plate positioned on a linear motor with controllable displacement and frequency is used as the testing targets and measured by a single beam micro-doppler radar system. The linear motor generates periodically oscillation to produce the micro-doppler effect so that the algorithm for signal process can be verified. The 2-D micro-doppler radar system is then applied for human motion extraction. Meanwhile, a high-speed camera is also recording for comparison. The results show that the motion behavior, including the displacement, swaying frequency, velocity, and instantaneous acceleration, can be accurately determined on individual body part. In the future, this proposed micro-doppler radar can be used for medical purpose, such as posture adjustment for athletes and dancers, or physical therapy treatment observation. It can be also applied on the robots for remotely motion-control.