應用於工業環境監測之CoAP架構的IP感測器網路

A CoAP-Enabled IP-Based Sensor Network for Industrial Environment Monitoring

葉彥伯(Yen-Po YEH)

指導教授 ： 李皇辰

國立中正大學/工學院/通訊工程學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

物聯網的興起帶動起一波新的資訊革命，各個領域積極將物聯網技術帶入各自的應用裡。其中工業為了確保工廠內設備的完善，以提升產品的良率，會在工具機上安裝許多的感測器，這些感測器對於感測節點通訊能力的要求不盡相同，有些應用需要高傳輸速度、有些需要高穩定性、有些需要非常省電，各個零件會依據自身需求，採用不同的通訊技術，然而不同的應用所採用的底層通訊協定不同，因此各個裝置之間難以進行溝通，未來要添加入新的感測器時也難以擴充。
目前的感測網路研究或是物聯網應用大多採用單一種底層通訊協定，將資料匯集到功能較強的節點後，節點再透過USB直接傳到電腦，或是透過3G、Wi-Fi上傳資料到網路，再用電腦去存取資料，但物聯網的應用不可能僅透過單一種通訊協定就能解決所有需求，例如工廠內工具機的溫度和震動資料對通訊的需求不同、智慧健康照護對病人的血氧濃度和心跳速率對通訊的需求也不同。
本研究整合了目前現有的通訊技術，提出一個使用了CoAP（Constrained Application Protocol）及網際協議第六版（Internet Protocol version 6，簡稱IPv6）的感測系統架構，感測節點將蒐集到的資料存儲在自身記憶體內，根據不同的需求分別採用Wi-Fi、低功耗藍牙（Bluetooth Low Energy，簡稱BLE）或是乙太網路，並能容易地透過CoAP於客戶端和伺服器端交換訊息；藉由IPv6的幫助，節點可將資料傳送到系統的任何一個角落，不論是傳到另一個節點實現M2M或是滿足上傳資料到網路上的需求，而未來新加入的節點只要能傳送IPv6的CoAP封包，就能迅速加入此感測系統中，而不必拘泥於底層通訊的形式。

關鍵字

物聯網 ； 受限應用協定 ； 低耗電藍牙 ； 網際網路通訊協定第6版 ； 6LoWPAN ； 工廠監控 ； 感測網路

並列摘要

Internet of Things brings a new information revelution to the whole world. Everyone want to apply the technology to their fields. Industry, one of them, concerns about the status of the manufacturing machines, which affects the quality of products. In order to know the status of the machine, sensors were deployed. The sensor nodes, who gather data from sensors and send them back to host, have different requirement to the communication abilities. Some of them need high transmission speed, and some of them need reliability. However, devices are hard to communicate with each other in the system with mixed low-layer communication protocol. It’s also hard to add new sensor nodes into the sytem.
Current studies usually adopted traditional sensor network which sink nodes collect data from sensor nodes by only one communication technique. But traditional architectures are not suitable for IoT in real applications. For exanples, there are many kinds of factors that effect the wear status of component in tool machine monitoring like pressure, temperature, and vibration. Not all of the data of them can be sent only by ZigBee or any other protocol.
Our study proposed a sensing system using Constrained Application Protocol and Internet Protocol version 6. In the system, sensor nodes adopted different communication method like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth Low Energy, and Ethernet according to its requirement. Besides, devices who acted as server or client can exchanged messages easily by the uniform interface¬ – CoAP. With the help of IPv6, sensor nodes can transmit data to any corner in the system or even internet. Furthermore, it helped new sensor nodes connecting to the system.

並列關鍵字

Factory Monitoring ； Internet of Things ； CoAP ； BLE ； IPv6 ； 6LoWPAN ； Sensing Network

參考文獻

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