婚姻事件之國際審判管轄與外國裁判之承認

黃宥群(Yu-Chun Huang)

指導教授 ： 蔡華凱

國立中正大學/法學院/法律學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

對於某一國際私權紛爭之訴訟事件，何國法院得以行使審判管轄權，此一國際間審判事務之分配，即為國際審判管轄決定之問題。現今國際上各國之準據法選法規則並未統一，國際間除若干國際公約定有國際審判管轄之規定外，並無明確之國際習慣法或業已確立國際法上之國際審判管轄規則可資遵循。我國學界向來著重於涉外事件之實體上準據法之研究，實務上對於國際審判管轄理論之認知，誠有疑義，實有加以研究之必要。
我國家事事件法制定前，國際審判管轄於我國尚無一般性之明文規定，均採類推適用國內管轄來填補國際管轄之法律欠缺，唯有以法院裁判之累積形成法則來承擔造法之任務。家事事件法第53條國際離婚審判管轄之立法，乃為我國國際民事程序法重要之里程碑。關於條文所指「住所」、「共同居所」、「經常居所」等文義，其規定是否妥適，不無檢討之餘地。
外國離婚裁判之承認，參酌「歐盟新布魯塞爾規則II」及「美國法律整編國際私法第二版」中有關外國判決承認之規定，回頭檢視我國現行民事訴訟法第402條，對於外國判決承認制度之規定，應如何解釋？就現行法為自動承認制下，實務擴張民事訴訟法第402條與戶籍法第34條之解釋，得出各行政機關對於外國法院所為之裁判均有形式審查權，且允許單方配偶持外國離婚判決逕向戶政機關辦理離婚登記之結論，實值深析!

關鍵字

不便利法庭原則 ； 專屬管轄 ； 家事事件法 ； 類推適用 ； 國際審判管轄 ； 國際民事訴訟法 ； 國際私法 ； 涉外婚姻 ； 外國裁判之承認 ； 自動承認制

並列摘要

For the litigation rights of an international private law disputes, which country's courts may exercise jurisdiction to adjudicate, distribution trial this international affairs, is the International Jurisdiction to issue adjudicate decision. Today the law applicable to the election regulations, the countries of the international community was not unified, the international public in addition to several international conventions have provisions adjudicate international jurisdiction to the outside, there is no ambiguity or customary international law has been established on the international jurisdiction to adjudicate rules of international law funding to follow. Our academia have always been focused on the study on foreign entities event of applicable law, the cognitive theory of international jurisdiction to adjudicate for the practices, honest doubt, research to be quite necessary.
The Law of Domestic Proceedings before the development, International Jurisdiction to Adjudicate general of China there is no express provision, were collected Application by analogy to fill the legal jurisdiction of the lack of international jurisdiction, the only judge of the Court accumulating law to undertake the task of making law. Article 53 The of legislative Domestic Proceedings of international jurisdiction of the divorce judgment, it is for the important milestone of international civil procedural law. About provision referred to "residence", "common ownership", "habitual residence" and other context, whether its provisions appropriate, also be necessary to review it.
The recognition of foreign divorce judgment, taking into account any "New Brussels Regulation II" and "The Second Restatement of the Conflict of Laws in America, 1971," in recognition of the provisions relating to foreign judgments, back view of the current Article 402 Code of the Civil Procedure, for foreign Judgments of the provisions of the system, how to explain? Under the existing law on automatic recognition syste, substantive expansion Article 402 Code of the Civil Procedure and interpret Article 34 Household Registration Act, obtain various administrative organ for whom a foreign court judgment have the right form of review, and allow one of the spouses holding foreign divorce judgment radial the government agencies handle conclusion divorce registration, it is worth to explore !

並列關鍵字

forum non conveniens ； Exclusive jurisdiction ； The Law of Domestic Proceedings ； Application by analogy ； International Jurisdiction to Adjudicate ； International Civil Procedure ； Private International Law ； International Marriage ； Recognition of Foreign Judgments ； Automatic recognition syste

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