探討SARS與MERS疫情發展及危機管理：以台、港、韓為例

Discussion on SARS &MERS Epidemic Development and the Crisis Management: A Comparative Study of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Korea

林家琦(Jia-Chi Lin)

指導教授 ： 蔡育岱

國立中正大學/社會科學院/戰略暨國際事務研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

2003年發生的SARS與2015年發生的MERS，皆由冠狀病毒所引發入侵台灣、香港與韓國，造成社會各界上重大的衝擊，不僅經濟上蒙受巨額的損失，更導致無辜的人民遭受感染因而死亡。綜觀此三個地區防疫工作的表現，除了使原本薄弱的公衛體系浮上檯面之外；也發現在面對疾病應堅守民眾生命與健康第一道防線的醫院，卻成為最大的感染源與防疫缺口；至於防疫設備也嚴重不足、中央政府未能即時有效控管與分配資源等現象都指出，疾病防治的工作所突顯出的不只是醫療技術的問題，更是政府行政運作上不周全的警訊。因此，本文主要在進行有關於政府及醫界對疾病防治危機管理與處理機制之研究探討。 至於在疾病防治危機管理機制的研究上，首先針對危機管理理論與疾病防治之關係加以探討，採行Steven Fink之「危機管理階段論」所主張，任何一項危機的產生必經「潛伏期」、「爆發期」、「延續期」及「解決期」4階段與Nunamaker提出危機處理模式的3階段，分別為「危機爆發前階段」、「危機發生期間階段」與「危機解決後階段」做為研究疾病防治危機管理機制之基礎。

關鍵字

危機處理 ； 危機管理 ； 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群 ； 中東呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒感染症

並列摘要

SARS and MERS that happened during 2003 & 2015 are both coronavirus which outbreaks in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Korea, which significant impacted the community. The virus not only affected the economy, but also caused many to be infected and deaths. Judging from the disease prevention of three different countries, apart from the weak public health system to rise to the surface, but also found out that the hospital, which should be the first line of defense for the people, is now one of the biggest source of infection and prevention leak. As for the lack of equipment and the central government couldn’t immediate effectively control and distribute the resources; disease control shows medical and technical problems, aside from that the organization of the government incompleteness is an issue. Therefore, this thesis mainly study how the government and the medical system will handle disease control prevention and crisis management.
As for the disease control prevention and crisis management research, first will aim for the relation between crisis management theory and disease control; using Steven Fink’s “Crisis Management Theory”, every crisis must come through in 4 stages “incubation period”, “the outbreak”, “continuation period”, and “the solution” compare with Nunamaker’s crisis management mode in 3 different stages, the pre-crisis stage, during the crisis, and the solution phase after the crisis are used for basis of disease control and crisis management research.
Keyword: Crisis Processing, Crisis management, SARS, MERS

並列關鍵字

Crisis Processing ； Crisis Management ； SARS ； MERS

參考文獻

陳德昇，「兩岸SARS危機管理比較政經體制面分析」，遠景基金會季刊，第5卷第4期(2004年10月)，頁71-106。

行政院衛生署疾病管制局網站，http://www.cdc.gov.tw/。最後瀏覽日期：2015年7月18日。

丁學良，「應對SARS危機的三種機制：強制、法制、弱制」，收錄於陳德昇主編，兩岸危機管理—SARS經驗、教訓與比較(台北：晶典文化，2005年，初版)，頁43-53。

Fink, S., Crisis Management: Planning for the Inevitable (New York: Amacom, 1986).

Morse, Edward L. , “Crisis Diplomacy, Interdependence and the politics of International Economic Relation,” in Raymond Tamter and Richard H.Wlmaneds., Theory and Policy in International Relations (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1973).