探討制度同形與寬裕資源對於進入模式之影響-以中國大陸台商為例

The Study on the Institutional isomorphism and Slack Resource for Entry Mode of influence- the cases of Taiwanese firms in China

古賴奕辰(YI-CHEN KULAI)

指導教授 ： 鄭祥麟

國立中正大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

環境的改變，使得企業必須改變其經營模式，在1980年代隨者國際化的趨勢慢慢浮現，國際分工成為台商需要面對的問題以及考驗，當時的台灣放寬外匯管制，台幣大幅升值以及面臨工資高漲的問題，台商的生產成本增加、環保意識提高，台灣產業所擁有的競爭優勢慢慢減少，許多台商面臨了生存的困境，各產業紛紛移出海外尋求生存的機會，然而鄰近的中國大陸在當時採取了改革開放政策擁有廣大的土地、豐富的資源以及廉價的勞力，吸引了許多台商們前往投資，然而在台灣企業投資中國大陸市場前，應先評估思考所處在的環境以及自身所擁有之資源，進而去選擇進入策略。

為探討此議題，本文將針對在中國大陸設有子公司之台灣母公司進行調查，透過次級資料蒐集法，針對不同的公司事件做分類，分類出台灣母公司所承受之制度同形壓力以及所擁有之寬裕資源去進行邏輯迴歸分析，探討制度同形與寬裕資源是否會影響台灣母公司在中國大陸設立子公司之進入模式選擇。

最後，在實證結果中發現寬裕資源越多企業傾向選擇以高控制股權的方式進入，反之越少，則傾向選擇以低控制股權的方式為進入模式，然而在制度同形與進入模式之影響與本研究所提及之假設並不符合。本研究結果可提供台商企業於進入大陸時，更深入的評估以及決策，以降低組織進入時的風險。

關鍵字：制度同形、進入模式、寬裕資源、資源基礎觀點

關鍵字

制度同形 ； 寬裕資源 ； 進入模式 ； 資源基礎觀點

並列摘要

Changes in the environment make enterprises have to change their business models. In the 1980s, such condition slowly emerged with the trend of internationalization so that international division of labor has become the problems and tests that Taiwanese enterprises must face. At that time, Taiwan broadened foreign exchange controls, leading to a sharp appreciation of the NT dollar; along with rising wages, there was increase in production costs of Taiwanese enterprises and environmental awareness, resulting in the competitive advantages of Taiwan's industries gradually reduced and the survival dilemma faced by many Taiwanese enterprises. As a result, many industries shifted overseas to seek opportunities to survive. At that time, however, China adopted the reforming and open policy; besides, China had vast land, rich resources, and cheap labor, which attracted many Taiwanese enterprises for investment. It is suggested, however, for Taiwanese enterprises to at first assess consider the environment and what resources they own before investing in the Chinese mainland market to choose their entry strategies.

To explore this issue, this article focuses on the parent companies in Taiwan with subsidiaries in China for investigation. Through secondary data collection techniques, different corporate events are classified into the pressure of Institutional isomorphism undertaken by Taiwan parent companies and their slack resources to conduct logistic regression analysis, for exploring if isomorphism and slack resources would affect the entry mode selection of Taiwan parent companies establishing subsidiaries in China.

At last, the empirical results show that the more the slack resources are, the less enterprises tending to choose the wholly-owned entry mode would be; instead, enterprises tend to select the entry mode of joint ventures. However, the impact of isomorphism and entry mode does not comply with the assumptions referred in this study. The results of this study can be provided for more in-depth assessment as well as decision-making of Taiwan enterprises in entering China to reduce the risks of organizations’ entry.

Keywords: Institutional isomorphism, entry modes, slack resources, resource-based view (RBV)

並列關鍵字

Resource-based view ； Entry modes ； Slack resources ； Institutional isomorphism

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