創業導向對競爭績效之影響研究--以適應能力為中介變項

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Competitive Performance:Adaptive Capability as a Mediator

范鈺書(Yu-Shu Fan)

指導教授 ： 黃良志

國立中正大學/社會科學院/勞工關係學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

創業導向的特質一直是企業順應快速、競爭激烈的商業環境，創造經營績效的重要關鍵之一，而中小企業是最具創業導向的組織，會追求更大的風險，並且創造戲劇性甚至毀滅性的創新來定義新市場。具創業導向的組織，特別在面對競爭的環境時，如果著手在創新和冒險的行動，則與財務和市場的績效有正向的關係。但目前較少有研究專注於創業導向與競爭績效間的關係，尤其在現今全球化的時代，適應能力對於企業來說更是重要。本研究主要探討組織內創業導向對競爭績效之影響，以及適應能力的中介效果。
以台灣中小企業創辦人或高階主管為對象，進行問卷調查，共計發出350份問卷，有效回收問卷數93份，有效回收率26.6%，所得資料以驗證性因素分析（CFA）、信度分析、描述性統計、變異數分析、相關分析及複迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析，進行研究假設驗證，分析結果顯示如下：
一、創業導向對競爭績效有顯著正向影響
二、創業導向對適應能力有顯著正向影響
三、適應能力對競爭績效有顯著正向影響
四、適應能力在創業導向與競爭績效之間具有部分中介效果
最後，依據研究結果，提出結論與建議供相關單位及後續研究參考。

關鍵字

競爭績效 ； 適應能力 ； 創業導向

並列摘要

Entrepreneurial orientation is a key characteristic in a company's strategy for a fast-changing and competitive market. It is also a key factor to achieve effective performance management. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the most entrepreneurial orientated organizations. They are willing to take risks, and even initiate a drastic change in pursuit of a greater profit regardless of the result. When facing a competitive market, how proactive an entrepreneurial orientation orientated company seeking innovative or adventurous strategy, is positively related to its financial and market performance.
This article focuses on the relation of entrepreneurial orientation of a company and its competitive performance, which is not analyzed in many literature research. As adaptive capacity is an essential aspect for a business in an era of globalization, how it affects entrepreneurial orientation and competitive performance will be also discussed.
This article aims to analyze how entrepreneurial orientation in an organization affects its competitive performance, and how adaptive capacity influences the result.
A total of 350 questionnaires were delivered to the hands of small and medium-sized business executives. The valid ones are 93 copies, and questionnaire effective rate is 26.6%。After analyzing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliablility analysis, descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and regression analysis. By statistical analysis, we conclude major result as below.
1. Entrepreneurial orientation has significantly positive effect on competitive performance.
2. Entrepreneurial orientation has significantly positive effect on adaptive capability.
3. Adaptive capability has significantly positive effect on competitive performance.
4. Adaptive capability has mediating effect between entrepreneurial orientation and competitive performance.
Based on the research results, the concrete conclusions and suggestion are provided to the related company and future study as references.

並列關鍵字

competitive performance ； adaptive capability ； entrepreneurial orientation

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