南仁山樣區現生植物凋落物直鏈烷之化學分析及凋落通量估算

Chemical analysis and flux density estimated of n-alkane in litter-fall of the Nanjenshan plot

黃俊評(Chun-Ping Huang)

指導教授 ： 范誠偉

國立中正大學/理學院/地球與環境科學系應用地球物理與環境科學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本次研究目的主要分析台灣墾丁南仁山樣區凋落葉中脂肪族碳氫化合物(Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Compositions, AHCs)之直鏈烷(n-Alkane)的C14至C35濃度分布狀況以及直鏈烷凋落通量。分析樣品種類包括凋落物(凋落葉、殘渣、枝條、花與果實)、林下地上植物、枯枝落葉層及土壤層，共計127個。樣品以索氏萃取法(Soxhlet Extraction)及氣相層析儀搭配火焰離子偵測器(GC-FID)進行定性及定量分析。各樣品直鏈烷之平均質量濃度以凋落物593±630μg/g(n=85)最大，其次為枯枝落葉層159±125μg/g(n=3)及林下地上植物142±156μg/g(n=30)，最低為土壤層4.8±2.8μg/g(n=9)，相較於土壤樣品，具有植物型態的樣品濃度較高。其中凋落物各組成(n=85)的直鏈烷平均濃度以具葉片型態樣品濃度較高，如凋落葉753±711μg/g及殘渣497±112μg/g，其他凋落物組成如枝條(140±111μg/g)、花(461μg/g)及果實(116μg/g)相對較低。各月份各生育地直鏈烷凋落通量中，凋落葉為最主要貢獻，其次為殘渣，第三為枝條，而全年實驗期間(348天)直鏈烷凋落通量以凋落葉貢獻量最大，其次為殘渣，第三為枝條。全年凋落物直鏈烷化合物凋落通量以C31、C29、C33為主，與主要貢獻樹種之直鏈烷主要直鏈烷化合物組成相似。全年3個生育地(溪谷型、迎風型、背風型)凋落物CPI24~34數值分別為11.6、10.5、9.4，反映出高等陸生植物的CPI24~34數值較大之特性，並且3個生育地中枯枝落葉層至土壤表層、中層及底層之CPI24~34數值亦隨著深度改變而降低。未來將針對收集網下之物質，如林下地上植物、枯枝落葉層及土壤層進一步分析其直鏈烷濃度及分佈，推測評估直鏈烷由植物凋落物傳輸至底泥沉積後之可能的變化趨勢。

關鍵字

南仁山 ； 直鏈烷 ； 凋落物

並列摘要

The purpose of this study to understand the n-alkane distribution of litter-leaf , we analyze the C14~C35 n-alkanes concentrations and distributions in the samples of ravine area and windward area and leeward area of Nanjenshan plot, Kenting, Taiwan. There are 127 analyzed samples, including litter-fall (litter-leaf, branches, flowers, fruits and miscellaneous fraction), aboveground plants, litter-layer and soil. Samples are extracted and analyzed by Soxhlet Extraction and GC-FID. The average n-alkanes (C14~C35) concentrations are 593630μg/g (n=85) of litter-fall, 159125μg/g (n=3) of litter-layer, 142156μg/g (n=30) of aboveground plants, and 4.82.8μg/g (n=9) of soil in descending order, indicating that there is much higher n-alkanes (C14~C35) concentrations of plants than those of soil. Among the litter-fall samples, the n-alkane concentrations with leaf-shaped, such as litter-leaf of 753711μg/g and miscellaneous fraction (mostly leaf fragment without identified) of 497112μg/g, are higher than those of branches of 140111μg/g, flowers of 461μg/g and fruits of 116μg/g. Giving the litter-fall mass fluxes, the estimated proportions in the monthly n-alkanes fluxes of litter-leaf, following miscellaneous fraction and branches. The total n-alkanes flux of litter-fall which litter-leaf is most important, secondly is miscellaneous fraction, and branches is thirdly, base on the whole sampling duration of 348 days. The predominance n-alkane compounds C31, C29 and C33 among the calculated n-alkane litter fluxes indicated that odd-over-even predominance of terrestrial higher plants. The ravine area and vindward area and leeward area CPI is 11.6、10.5、9.4, and the CPI will low with depth change. In the further, more analysis study the concentration and distribution of n-alkanes for aboveground plants, litter layer and soil will be conducted to understand the transport mechanism of n-alkane from
litter-fall to sediments.

並列關鍵字

Nanjenshan plot ； n-Alkane ； Litter-fall

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