- 學位論文
我國社會保險專業代理人執業困境與突破之研究
A Study on career constraints and breakthrough of social insurance agents in Taiwan
摘要
儘管市場供需原則下衍生的社會保險專業代理人於我國雖尚未被賦予正確職業名稱，卻無法否認該職業從業人員存在之事實。本研究旨在透過生命史訪談與深度訪談法，探討社會保險專業代理人職涯發展過程中的障礙，並細描該職從業人員工作權、勞動價值和社會地位，以及該職團體內部自治的需求，最後探討社會保險專業代理人制度化的可行性。 研究結果發現：社會保險專業代理人從業人員培育不易，涉業之專業知識龐雜且更新快速，但外界對於該職類之負面評價、案源開發困難、經營非立即見效和收入不穩定等困境，尤其以外界評價易使新進人員於執業過程產生極高度的打擊感和挫折感。但訪談結果顯示，社會保險專業代理人對於案主提供實質協助，其社會服務之角色值得受到尊重與肯定。該職的專業技能來自於涉略諸多社會保險相關的法條解釋與應用，從業人員之角色近似於民眾在社會保險權益請求的代理者。但職業形象之提升尤須依賴內部自治以扭轉形象，最具爭議者為收費問題，尤其目前係由市場決定代理人報酬。如果收費制度透明且取得多方共識，應當有助於形象之提升，未來若內部推行證照或提出相關制度規範便容易獲得各界認可。畢竟社會保險專業代理人制度化非一蹴可及，政府部門有諸多衡量，因此無論是證照考試或法令建置皆是條漫漫長路。 本研究建議目前以社會保險專業代理人從業人員為會員之中華民國勞務士協會，必須肩負起團結從業人員的號召力，透過內部自治著手該職形象的改變，以獲得市場認可為優先。另一方面仍不放棄同步推動證照制度，向政府部門證明市場有其需求而該職必須存在。對於職業之汙名化，建議政府部門修改杜絕勞保黃牛的政令宣導內容，應教育民眾分辨代辦業者的優劣，非一味禁止委託代辦之行為。最後則是思考如何使社會保險給付內容與核付方式一目瞭然並廣為人知，尤其應正視代辦業者存在事實，以務實態度面對社會保險請領之實務運作。
並列摘要
The occupation as practioners of social insurance agency in Taiwan exist de facto while not to be recognized by government yet. The research aims to describe the phenomena and factors that jeopardize the career development of social insurance agents. By adopting life story collection and analysis on the subject-agents and in-depth interviews on the stakeholders, the research tend to demonstrate the issues such as rights to work, value of occupation and social status of the studied subjects. Not least to mention is the needs of self-discipline and feasibility of the institutionalization of social insurance agent in near future. The research finds that the social insurance agents are not easy to foster as they are encountered by necessary skill in applying the high complicated legislation and rules of social insurance, negative professional image and low social status, difficulty in finding clients and marketing, being hard to keep stable income, etc. However, the interview data shows that the social insurance agents provide substantial assistance to the clients and deserve their due respect and recognition. The role as social insurance agent appears to be delegation of clients in claiming rights in dispute of social insurance cases. The improvement of occupational image would need to build up based on the self-discipline of the members of the professional association. It’s critical to have a better and transparent regulation on fee charging and profit earning of the above mentioned occupation. In addition, the push for accreditation or certification administered by the government is also necessary. Nevertheless, to have the said occupation institutionalized and recognized by the government would depend more efforts not only from the agents themselves but also the stakeholders. The research suggests that the Association of Social Insurance Agents of Republic of China (Taiwan) should take the lead to unite the members and improve the occupational image by developing codes of conduct and inner disciplines. To win the recognition for the market would be the prior mission for the Association. In the meantime, demonstrating the value and function of the occupation by showing evidence are seemingly important. Concerning the degraded image of occupation, it is necessary to urge the government to provide neutral, transparent information on social insurance claiming without discrimination to the agents. It is government’s duty to provide just knowledge on selecting agents and keep pragmatic attitude on the practices of social insurance claiming.