本論文關切的主要對象乃是科學知識社會學(the sociology of scientific knowledge;下稱SSK)這個研究取徑,跟應用該取徑而成的一本重要作品《利維坦與空氣泵浦(下稱泵浦)》。首先我們會透過把SSK跟哲學、社會學跟歷史學的傳統做比對,來考察出SSK本身的核心特色或觀念,接著我們會用先前得到的SSK核心觀念來重構《泵浦》的故事主軸與論證次序,並試圖顯現利益在科學活動中所扮演的重要角色。但SSK只看利益不看認知價值的做法卻是無法捕捉完整的科學面貌的,所以最後我們將透過一起令人感到失望的科學實例與另外引入的哲學資源,以及波以耳在自然哲學脈絡底下所開創的其他認知價值,來爭論認知價值在科學活動中的必要與重要性。因此忽略認知價值這部分的SSK與《泵浦》也將是有缺失的。不過這篇論文的用意絕不僅止於批評,而是希望在達到更深的理解後,能產生一種哲學與STS得以進一步對話與合作的可能基礎。
This thesis is intended to get a further understanding of the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) for some potential cooperation between Taiwan’s philosophy and science, technology and society (STS) disciplines. First of all, I will explore the characters of SSK, and utilize these characters to reconstruct the main story line of the Leviathan and Air-Pump (LAP) which is an STS’s classical book accomplished by SSK’s approach. Meanwhile, I want to show philosophers the significance of SSK and LAP. However, I will also invoke an actual scientific case, philosophical notions, and Boyle’s contributions under the context of natural philosophy to point out the lacks of SSK and LAP, that is, they focus on interests too much to lost the sight of cognitive values. In this way, I hope that STSers would perceive how philosophy might benefit them to develop a better theory in the future.