摘要
摘要 「中國崛起」 (Rise of China)的演變，一直是各國與研究國際關係注目的焦點。因為中國崛起，這個亞洲新興的強權，究竟會成為世界和平的貢獻，或成為另一個威脅世界和平的新霸權，中國的動向，自然引發全球關切。 首先，隨著中國的崛起，國際體系出現明顯改變。因為中國開始有實力，挑戰自冷戰結束至今，原先在全球被視為「超強」(super power)的美國優勢，讓美國開始有了新的競爭者。這也是何以在亞洲地區，無論是北韓、伊朗核武爭議；東海釣魚台、南海島礁主權紛爭，乃至全球經濟、環保等議題，都可以看見中國崛起的實力暨發揮的影響力。 有鑑於此，美國歐巴馬總統啟動「重返亞洲」與「亞太再平衡」政策，一方面藉著對自身資源、軍力的重新調整部署，強化美國在亞洲地區的競爭實力；另外一方面，透過連結與鞏固在亞太地區的盟友，例如，藉著修改美日新安保條約、南韓部署高空防衛系統薩德飛彈，在東北亞與日韓形成同盟，同時也將台灣周邊納入美日安保範圍。 在東南亞，美國除強化傳統盟邦如菲律賓、泰國、新加坡互動關係外，也伸出橄欖枝向緬甸、越南，並且增派2500名美國海軍陸戰隊員長駐澳洲。美方雙管齊下，當然是為反制中國崛起而來。 相對於美國的戰略調整，中國除強化自身軍力外，也藉著中俄聯合軍演、推動「一帶一路」、創設「亞洲基礎設施投資銀行」(簡稱「亞投行」)等作為，展現「中國崛起」肌肉，也劍指美國霸權。 隨著2016年，美國與中華民國都有新人主政下，「中國崛起」的大戲，顯然將繼續影響美中台三方關係的互動。 關鍵詞：中國崛起、霸權、重返亞洲、亞太再平衡、一帶一路、亞投行
並列摘要
The Rise of China and Evolution of US-China-Taiwan Relations Abstract The rise of China has been one of the major issues for the research on international relations. Whether this Asian power will become a contributor to world peace or a new hegemony creating regional uncertainties needs further studies. The rise of China makes a huge change to international system. China has challenged the dominance of the US as the global superpower since the end of Cold War. The rising power of China and its influence have made differences on the issues such as disputes over nuclear weapon development programs of North Korea and Iran, the sovereignty disputes over Diaoyutai Islands and Spratly Islands, and even the global financial crises and environmental degradation. Due to the above-mentioned challenges, US President Barack Obama adopts the “Pivot to Asia” or the so-called “Asia-Pacific Rebalance” policies. On the one hand, Obama aims at enhancing the US’ leading power in Asia through the adjustment of military deployments and resource allocations, on the other hand, building coalitions with allies and friends in Asia-Pacific. For example, the US strengthens the Northeast Asian coalitions through revisions of the new US-Japan Defense Cooperation Guidelines in 2015, deployment of “The Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD)” in South Korea in 2006, and inclusion of Taiwan as key areas of concern for the US-Japan Security Treaty. The US strengthens security relationships with traditional allies such as the Philippines and Thailand, and it also improves relations with Myanmar and Vietnam, meanwhile President Obama decided to deploy 2,500 US marines in Darwin, Australia. Facing America’s strategic readjustment, China has been increasing its military preparations. China flexes its military and financial muscles to counterbalance the US by ways of conducting Sino-Russian military exercises, establishing the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and pushing forward the “One Belt and One Road” initiative. Since Taiwan and the US have their new presidents, the rise of China will embolden President Xi Jinping on the developments of relationship among the US, China and Taiwan. Key words: the rise of China, Pivot to Asia, Asia-Pacific Rebalance, One Belt and One Road, Xi Jinping